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The history of animation, the method for creating moving pictures from still images, has an early history and a modern history that began with the advent of celluloid film in 1888. Between 1895 and 1920, during the rise of the cinematic industry, several different animation techniques were developed or re-invented, including stop-motion with ...
There are several examples of early sequential images that may seem similar to series of animation drawings. Most of these examples would only allow an extremely low frame rate when they are animated, resulting in short and crude animations that are not very lifelike. However, it's very unlikely that these images were intended to be somehow ...
An early use of real-time computer graphics or "digital puppetry" to create a character in a motion picture. [36] The Rescuers Down Under: First 2-D animated film to be produced with solely digital ink and paint . First fully digital feature film. Backdraft: 1991 First use of photorealistic CGI fire in a motion picture. [36]
In 1914, John Bray opened John Bray Studios, which revolutionized the way animation was created. [5] Earl Hurd, one of Bray's employees patented the cel technique. [6] This involved animating moving objects on transparent celluloid sheets. [7] Animators photographed the sheets over a stationary background image to generate the sequence of images.
Animation also began on television during this period with Crusader Rabbit (the first animated series broadcast in 1948) and early versions of Rocky and Bullwinkle (1959), both from Jay Ward Productions. [11] The rise of television animation is often considered to be a factor that hastened the golden age's end. [1]
Fantasmagorie (also called 'A Fantasy') is a 1908 French animated short film by Émile Cohl. It is one of the earliest examples of traditional (hand-drawn) animation , and considered by film historians to be the first animated cartoon .
René Jodoin, Canadian animation director and producer (founder of the French-language animation studio of the National Film Board of Canada), (d. 2015). [58] Michael Allinson, English-American actor (additional voices in Courage the Cowardly Dog), (d. 2010). [59]
The misleading effects of the dynamic contrast are likely to be particularly problematic for learners who lack background knowledge in the content domain depicted in an animation. These learners can be largely in the thrall of the animation's raw perceptual effects and so tend to process the presented information in a bottom-up manner. For ...