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Mephedrone, also known as 4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC, and 4-methylephedrone, is a synthetic stimulant drug belonging to the amphetamine and cathinone classes. It is commonly referred to by slang names such as drone, [5] M-CAT, [6] white magic, [7] meow meow, and bubble. [8]
Methcathinone / ˌ m ɛ θ ˈ k æ θ ɪ ˌ n oʊ n / (α-methyl amino-propiophenone or ephedrone) (sometimes called "cat" or "jeff" or "catnip" or "M-Kat" or "kat" or "intash") is a monoamine alkaloid and psychoactive stimulant, a substituted cathinone.
3-Methylmethcathinone is a structural isomer of mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone), and as such is illegal via blanket bans in many countries that have banned mephedrone. However, 3-MMC has still appeared on the recreational drug market as an alternative to mephedrone, and was first identified being sold in Sweden in 2012. [7]
[3] [4] [5] Methamphetamine psychosis, or long-term effects of stimulant use in the brain (at the molecular level), depend upon genetics and may persist for months or years. [6] Psychosis may also result from withdrawal from stimulants, particularly when psychotic symptoms were present during use.
In the UK, mephedrone, commonly known as MCAT, is the fourth most commonly used illicit drug among nightclub goers after cannabis, MDMA and cocaine. [7] Based on reports to the American Association of Poison Control Centers , use of bath salts in the US is thought to have increased significantly between 2010 and 2012. [ 7 ]
[5] [6] Conversely, mephedrone shows no dopaminergic neurotoxicity at all in mice. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It was theorized that 4-methyl and β-keto substitutions on amphetamines may result in loss of activity at the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), loss of elevations of cytosolic dopamine concentrations, and consequent loss of dopaminergic ...
Effects of 4-CMC and mephedrone on inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake [3] Drug Uptake Inhibition at DAT. IC 50 (nM) Uptake Inhibition at NET. IC 50 (nM) Uptake Inhibition at SERT. IC 50 (nM) Mephedrone 769 ± 106 319 ± 40 600 ± 99 4-CMC 1014 ± 78 559 ± 57 542 ± 38
2-Methylmethcathinone (2-MMC), also known as ortomephedrone is a recreational designer drug with stimulant and euphoric effects. It is a substituted cathinone derivative, closely related to better known drugs such as 3-methylmethcathinone and 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone).