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In geometry, a Platonic solid is a convex, regular polyhedron in three-dimensional Euclidean space.Being a regular polyhedron means that the faces are congruent (identical in shape and size) regular polygons (all angles congruent and all edges congruent), and the same number of faces meet at each vertex.
Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself.
A mathematical object is an abstract concept arising in mathematics. [1] Typically, a mathematical object can be a value that can be assigned to a symbol, and therefore can be involved in formulas.
A diagram illustrating the great-circle distance (in cyan) and the straight-line distance (in red) between two points P and Q on a sphere.. To see the utility of different notions of distance, consider the surface of the Earth as a set of points.
Euclidean space was introduced by ancient Greeks as an abstraction of our physical space. Their great innovation, appearing in Euclid's Elements was to build and prove all geometry by starting from a few very basic properties, which are abstracted from the physical world, and cannot be mathematically proved because of the lack of more basic tools.
Plots of logarithm functions, with three commonly used bases. The special points log b b = 1 are indicated by dotted lines, and all curves intersect in log b 1 = 0. In mathematics, the logarithm of a number is the exponent by which another fixed value, the base, must be raised to produce that number.
In the Renaissance, an architect like Leon Battista Alberti was expected to be knowledgeable in many disciplines, including arithmetic and geometry.. The architects Michael Ostwald and Kim Williams, considering the relationships between architecture and mathematics, note that the fields as commonly understood might seem to be only weakly connected, since architecture is a profession concerned ...
The earliest written mathematics likely began with tally marks, where each mark represented one unit, carved into wood or stone.An example of early counting is the Ishango bone, found near the Nile and dating back over 20,000 years ago, which is thought to show a six-month lunar calendar. [6]