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Coagulation factor X (EC 3.4.21.6), or Stuart factor, is an enzyme of the coagulation cascade, encoded in humans by F10 gene. [5] It is a serine endopeptidase (protease group S1, PA clan ). Factor X is synthesized in the liver and requires vitamin K for its synthesis.
In coagulation, the coagulation factor X can be activated into factor Xa in two ways: either extrinsically or intrinsically. The activating complexes are together called tenase. Tenase is a blend word of "ten" and the suffix "-ase", which means, that the complex activates its substrate (inactive factor X) by cleaving it. [1]
Both factor Xa and factor Va associate with the membrane via their light chains, with factor Xa binding via its Gla-domain in a calcium-dependent manner and factor Va via its C2 and C1 domains. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Once bound to the plasma membrane, Factor Xa and factor Va rapidly associate in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio to form the prothrombinase ...
Prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), also written as prothrombin fragment 1.2 (F1.2), is a polypeptide fragment of prothrombin (factor II) generated by the in vivo cleavage of prothrombin into thrombin (factor IIa) by the enzyme prothrombinase (a complex of factor Xa and factor Va). [1] [2] [3] It is released from the N-terminus of prothrombin. [3 ...
Coagulation activation markers are biomarkers of net activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Examples include prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT), fibrinopeptide A (FpA), fibrin monomers (FMs), plasmin-α 2 -antiplasmin complex (PAP), activated protein C–protein C inhibitor (APC-PCI), and D ...
If a coagulation factor is part of the contact activation or tissue factor pathway, a deficiency of that factor will affect only one of the tests: Thus hemophilia A, a deficiency of factor VIII, which is part of the contact activation pathway, results in an abnormally prolonged aPTT test but a normal PT test. Deficiencies of common pathway ...
Russellysin (EC 3.4.24.58, Russell's viper venom factor X activator, RVV-X, blood-coagulation factor X activating enzyme, metalloproteinase RVV-x, Vipera russelli proteinase, Russell's viper blood coagulation factor X activator, RVV-V) is an enzyme. [1] [2] [3] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction. Specifically activates ...
The activation of factor X is a common point between the intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. [1] Activated factor X (FXa) is the sole enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of prothrombine into thrombin, which is vital in the coagulation cascade. [ 1 ]