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16678 Ensembl ENSG00000167768 ENSMUSG00000046834 UniProt P04264 P04104 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006121 NM_008473 RefSeq (protein) NP_006112 NP_032499 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 52.67 – 52.68 Mb Chr 15: 101.75 – 101.76 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Keratin 1 is a Type II intermediate filament (IFs) of the intracytoplasmatic cytoskeleton. Is co-expressed with and binds to ...
Keratin (/ ˈ k ɛr ə t ɪ n / [1] [2]) is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, horns, claws, hooves, and the outer layer of skin in vertebrates. Keratin also protects epithelial cells from damage or stress. Keratin is extremely ...
Keratins belong to two types - acidic Type I and neutral-basic Type II, further categorized into Type I a and b, and Type II a and b. The initial step in forming keratin is the alignment of type I and type II keratin polypeptides to create a heterodimer, which then aggregates into higher-order structural units. [2]
This central domain of the chain provides the molecular alignment in the keratin structure and makes the chains form coiled dimers in solution. The end-domain sequences of type I and II cytokeratin chains contain in both sides of the rod domain the subdomains V1 and V2, which have variable size and sequence.
[1] [2] These two groups of keratins were named as type I and type II keratins. [2] These two categories also represent the first two categories of the superfamily of intermediate filament proteins. Keratins in this table are classified in the first two columns according to the nomenclature established in 2006. [3]
Keratin 6A is one of the 27 different type II keratins expressed in humans.Keratin 6A was the first type II keratin sequence determined. [5] Analysis of the sequence of this keratin together with that of the first type I keratin led to the discovery of the four helical domains in the central rod of keratins. [5]
Overall, keratin type 2 plays a crucial role in maintaining the strength and integrity of the skin, hair, and nails. Mutations in keratin genes can lead to various genetic disorders that affect these tissues, such as epidermolysis bullosa simplex, a rare condition characterized by blistering and erosion of the skin and mucous membranes. [3]
Keratohyalin is a protein structure found in cytoplasmic granules of the keratinocytes in the stratum granulosum of the epidermis.Keratohyalin granules (KHG) mainly consist of keratin, profilaggrin, [1] loricrin [2] and trichohyalin proteins which contribute to cornification or keratinization, the process of the formation of epidermal cornified cell envelope.