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The name "Azerbaijan", adopted by the party for political reasons, [14] [15] had been used to identify the adjacent region of northwestern Iran. [16] [17] [18] It was the Islamic world's first democratic republic. In Baku, however, a coalition of Bolsheviks, Dashnaks and Mensheviks fought against a Turkish Islamic army led by Nuri Pasha.
Azerbaijan, [a] officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, [b] is a transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. [10] It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia's republic of Dagestan to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south.
A folk etymology explains the name Baku as derived from the Persian Bādkube (بادکوبه ), meaning "city where the wind blows", due to frequent winds blowing in Baku. However, the word Bādkube was invented only in the 16th or 17th century, whereas Baku was founded at least before the 5th century AD.
Feudalism took shape in Azerbaijan in the Early Middle Ages. The territories of Caucasian Albania became an arena of wars between the Byzantine Empire and the Sassanid Empire. After the Sassanid Empire was felled by the Arab Caliphate, Albania also weakened and was overthrown in 705 AD by the Abbasid Caliphate under the name of Arran.
Afrikaans; Anarâškielâ; Аԥсшәа; العربية; Aragonés; Asturianu; Azərbaycanca; تۆرکجه; বাংলা; Башҡортса; Беларуская
Azerbaijan in antiquity covers the history of the territory of today's Azerbaijan in the period in which Greek and Roman society flourished and wielded great influence throughout much of Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia, as well as the Caucasus.
Because the word "Azerbaijan" might also refer to Iranian Azerbaijan and imply a territorial claim, Iran expressed dissatisfaction when they chose that name for the nation. [16] The phrase "Caucasian Azerbaijan" was thus used in the documents intended for international distribution by the Azerbaijani government to ease Iranian concerns. [2] [16]
The following year, he invaded Shirvan and obtained the places that reached Derbend. At that time, the lands of the Karakoyunlu State included Azerbaijan, Arran, Irâk-ı Acem, Irâk-ı Arab, Persian, Kirman and Eastern Anatolia. The Georgian king and the rulers of Shirvanshah, Gîlan and Mâzenderan also recognized his sovereignty. [78] [72]