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The exit pupil is an image of the aperture made by the optics following it; divergent rays from each point in the aperture plane come together again in the exit pupil. To use an optical instrument, the entrance pupil of the viewer's eye (the image of the anatomical pupil as seen through the cornea ) must be aligned with and be of similar size ...
The apparent location of the anatomical pupil of a human eye (black circle) is the eye's entrance pupil location. The outside world appears to be seen from the point at the center of the entrance pupil. The anatomical pupil itself is slightly different from the entrance pupil because the image is magnified by the cornea.
The image of the pupil as seen from outside the eye is the entrance pupil, which does not exactly correspond to the location and size of the physical pupil because it is magnified by the cornea. On the inner edge lies a prominent structure, the collarette , marking the junction of the embryonic pupillary membrane covering the embryonic pupil.
The pupil function or aperture function describes how a light wave is affected upon transmission through an optical imaging system such as a camera, microscope, or the human eye. More specifically, it is a complex function of the position in the pupil [ 1 ] or aperture (often an iris ) that indicates the relative change in amplitude and phase ...
The image of an object confined to a plane normal to the axis is geometrically similar to the object. In some optical systems imaging is stigmatic for one or perhaps a few object points, but to be an ideal system imaging must be stigmatic for every object point.
More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image of the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that comes to a focus in the image plane. An optical system typically has many openings or structures that limit ray bundles (ray bundles are also known as pencils of light).
Huygens eyepieces consist of two plano-convex lenses with the plane sides towards the eye separated by an air gap. The lenses are called the eye lens and the field lens. The focal plane is located between the two lenses. It was invented by Christiaan Huygens in the late 1660s and was the first compound (multi-lens) eyepiece. [2]
An image of a house fly compound eye surface by using scanning electron microscope Anatomy of the compound eye of an insect Arthropods such as this blue bottle fly have compound eyes. A compound eye may consist of thousands of individual photoreceptor units or ommatidia (ommatidium, singular). The image perceived is a combination of inputs from ...