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Variations in healthcare provider training & experience [46] [53] and failure to acknowledge the prevalence and seriousness of medical errors also increase the risk. [54] [55] The so-called July effect occurs when new residents arrive at teaching hospitals, causing an increase in medication errors according to a study of data from 1979 to 2006.
Unnecessary health care (overutilization, overuse, or overtreatment) is health care provided with a higher volume or cost than is appropriate. [1] In the United States, where health care costs are the highest as a percentage of GDP, overuse was the predominant factor in its expense, accounting for about a third of its health care spending ($750 billion out of $2.6 trillion) in 2012.
Patient safety is a discipline focused on improving health care through the prevention, reduction, reporting, and analysis of errors and other types of unnecessary harm that often lead to adverse patient events.
Utilization management is "a set of techniques used by or on behalf of purchasers of health care benefits to manage health care costs by influencing patient care decision-making through case-by-case assessments of the appropriateness of care prior to its provision," as defined by the Institute of Medicine [1] Committee on Utilization Management by Third Parties (1989; IOM is now the National ...
Statistics, when used in a misleading fashion, can trick the casual observer into believing something other than what the data shows. That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator.
Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States; Health crisis; Health Disparities Center; Health economics (Germany) Health equity; Health impact assessment; Health law; Health literacy; Health services research; Health spending as percent of gross domestic product (GDP) by country; Health surveillance; Health system ...
Medical statistics has been a recognized branch of statistics in the United Kingdom for more than 40 years, but the term has not come into general use in North America, where the wider term 'biostatistics' is more commonly used. [2] However, "biostatistics" more commonly connotes all applications of statistics to biology. [2]
Health care fraud includes "snake oil" marketing, health insurance fraud, drug fraud, and medical fraud. Health insurance fraud occurs when a company or an individual defrauds an insurer or government health care program, such as Medicare (United States) or equivalent State programs. The manner in which this is done varies, and persons engaging ...