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In the early Islamic period, Iraq was a key center of the Abbasid Caliphate, with the city of Baghdad serving as its capital from the 8th to the 13th century. Sunni Arabs played a significant role in the administration (including the ruling Abbasid dynasty) and cultural life of the caliphate, and many important figures of Islamic scholarship and literature emerged from Iraq during this time ...
The data on the religious affiliation of Iraq's population are uncertain. 95–99% of the population are Muslims. [15] [16] The CIA World Factbook reported a 2015 estimate according to which 36–39% were Sunni Muslims and 61-64% Shia Muslims. [15] According to a 2011 survey by Pew Research, 51% of the Muslims identified as Shia and 42% as ...
Iraq is home to many religious sites important for both Shia and Sunni. Baghdad was a hub of Islamic learning and scholarship for centuries and served as the capital of the Abassids . The city of Karbala has substantial prominence in Shia Islam as a result of the Battle of Karbala , which was fought on the site of the modern city on October 10 ...
Thousands of Sunni fighters crossed from Syria into Iraq after the 2003 U.S. invasion and fueled years of sectarian killing before returning in 2013 as Islamic State to conquer a third of the country.
Shia Islam in Iraq (Arabic: الشيعة في العراق) has a history going back to the times of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the first imam of Shia Islam and fourth caliph of Sunni Islam who moved the capital of the early caliphate from Medina to Kufa (or Najaf) two decades after the death of Muhammad.
[11] Ali al-Sistani is a conservative traditionalist Shia cleric popular in Iraq. Sistani opposed the concept of Velayat e Faqih, and criticised Iranian interference in Iraq, claiming that even if Iran was ruled by Velayat e Faqih, the Iranian government did not have authority over Iraqi Shias. [12]
Later, in October 2012, the Law No. 57 about the Shiite Waqf, [5] confirmed that the president of the Shiite endowment office, before the appointment by the Iraqi Premier, should be approved by the Shiite Marja', while the Law No. 56 about the Sunni Waqf [6] gave a similar power to a Council of Sunni ulemas, the "Fiqh Council of the ulemas". [7]
Flag of the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq Approximate map of the Kurdish-populated region of Iraq. The vast majority of Iraqi Kurds are Sunni Muslims, with Shia and Christian minorities. Under the Kingdom of Iraq, Kurdish leader Mustafa Barzani led a rebellion against the central government in Baghdad in 1945.