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The Haskalah was multifaceted, with many loci which rose and dwindled at different times and across vast territories. The name Haskalah became a standard self-appellation in 1860, when it was taken as the motto of the Odessa-based newspaper Ha-Melitz, but derivatives and the title Maskil for activists were already common in the first edition of Ha-Meassef from 1 October 1783: its publishers ...
[10]: 100 Even after the Russian government had dissolved all Jewish Kehillah in 1844, the Odesa Kehillah continued to function as a semi-autonomous body in the region, whose meetings were held at regular intervals. [4]: 43 Between 1837 and 1844, the number of Jewish merchants who were members of the kuptsy category increased from 169 to 221 ...
The Society for the Promotion of Culture among the Jews of Russia (Hebrew: Hevra Mefitsei Haskalah; Russian: Obshchestvo dlia rasprostraneniia prosveshcheniia mezhdu evreiami v Rossii, or OPE; sometimes translated into English as "Society for the Spread of Enlightenment among the Jews of Russia") was an educational and civic association that promoted the acculturation of Russian Jews and their ...
Khazar Kingdom, c. 750–950 CE (semi-nomadic Turkic state in the Caucasus whose ruling royal elite seems to have converted to Judaism, although the extent to which it was adopted by commoners is highly debated) [11] [12] [13] Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia c. 1934 CE–present, one of the federal subjects of Russia. [14] [15] [16]
1866 – Odessa-Balta railway begins operating. [4] 1871 Pogrom against Jews. [8] Russian Technical Society, Odessa branch, founded. 1873 – Population: 162,814. [13] 1874 – Theatre Velikanova built. 1875 – Tzar visits Odessa. [6] 1876 – Turkish forces attack Odessa. [4] 1880 – Horse tramway begins operating. [citation needed] 1881
The Haskalah, or Jewish Enlightenment, movement that arose in the late 18th century played a large role in rejecting Yiddish as a Jewish language.However, many maskilim, particularly in the Russian Empire, expanded the Yiddish press to use it as a tool to spread their enlightenment ideas, thereby building a platform for future Yiddishists.
The building is listed as #51-101-0776 on the State Register of Immovable Landmarks of Ukraine. [5] It is a nonprofit and relies on visitor donations. [6] It has a collection of over 13,000 items contained in 7 exhibitions. The location of the building is in close proximity to a formerly Jewish neighborhood of Odesa prior to the Holocaust.
The Odessa pogrom of 1871 moved Pinsker to become an active public figure. In 1881, a bigger wave of anti-Jewish hostilities, many state-sponsored, swept southern Russia and continued until 1884. Then Pinsker's views changed radically, and he no longer believed that mere humanism and Enlightenment would defeat antisemitism. [1]