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This article lists the character entity references that are valid in HTML and XML documents. A character entity reference refers to the content of a named entity. An entity declaration is created in XML, SGML and HTML documents (before HTML5) by using the <!ENTITY name "value"> syntax in a Document type definition (DTD).
In addition to native character encodings, characters can also be encoded as character references, which can be numeric character references (decimal or hexadecimal) or character entity references. Character entity references are also sometimes referred to as named entities, or HTML entities for HTML. HTML's usage of character references ...
Web pages authored using HyperText Markup Language may contain multilingual text represented with the Unicode universal character set.Key to the relationship between Unicode and HTML is the relationship between the "document character set", which defines the set of characters that may be present in an HTML document and assigns numbers to them, and the "external character encoding", or "charset ...
There is another kind of character reference called a character entity reference, which allows a character to be referred to by a name instead of a number. (Naming a character creates a character entity.) HTML defines some character entities, but not many; all other characters can only be included by direct encoding or using NCRs.
Although any character can be referenced using a numeric character reference, a character entity reference allows characters to be referenced by name instead of code point. For example, HTML 4 has 252 built-in character entities that do not need to be explicitly declared, while XML has five.
For example, the character é (Small e with acute accent, HTML entity code é) can be obtained by pressing Alt+1 3 0. First press the Alt key (and keep it depressed) with your left hand, then press the digit keys 1 , 3 , 0 , in sequence, one by one, in the right-side numeric keypad part of the keyboard, then release the Alt key.
This page lists codes for keyboard characters, the computer code values for common characters, such as the Unicode or HTML entity codes (see below: Table of HTML values"). There are also key chord combinations, such as keying an en dash ('–') by holding ALT+0150 on the numeric keypad of MS Windows computers.
HTML 4.0 Character Entity References—shows how the named and decimal character references look in one's browser; FileFormat.Info—details of many Unicode characters, including the named, decimal and hexadecimal character reference, showing how it should look and for each, how it looks in one's browser