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In phonetics, vowel roundedness is the amount of rounding in the lips during the articulation of a vowel. It is labialization of a vowel. When a rounded vowel is pronounced, the lips form a circular opening, and unrounded vowels are pronounced with the lips relaxed. In most languages, front vowels tend to be unrounded, and back vowels tend
open-mid central rounded vowel [ɞ] (older publications may use ɔ̈ ) near-open central vowel with ambiguous rounding [ɐ] (typically used for an unrounded vowel; if precision is desired, ɜ̞ may be used for an unrounded vowel and ɞ̞ for a rounded vowel) There also are central vowels that do not have dedicated symbols in the IPA:
Open-mid front rounded vowel: open-mid: front: rounded: 311: œ œ 9 Sound sample ⓘ Open-mid central unrounded vowel: open-mid: central: unrounded: 326: ɜ ɜ 3 Sound sample ⓘ Open-mid central rounded vowel: open-mid: central: rounded: 395: ɞ ɞ 3\ Sound sample ⓘ Open-mid back unrounded vowel: open-mid: back: unrounded: 314 ...
Within the chart “close”, “open”, “mid”, “front”, “central”, and “back” refer to the placement of the sound within the mouth. [3] At points where two sounds share an intersection, the left is unrounded, and the right is rounded which refers to the shape of the lips while making the sound. [4]
Afrikaans contrasts unrounded and rounded mid central vowels; the latter is usually transcribed with œ . The contrast is not very stable, and many speakers use an unrounded vowel in both cases. [3] Danish [4] and Luxembourgish [5] have a mid central vowel that is variably rounded. In other languages, the change in rounding is accompanied with ...
The close central protruded vowel is typically transcribed in IPA simply as ʉ , and that is the convention used in this article. As there is no dedicated diacritic for protrusion in the IPA, symbol for the close central rounded vowel with an old diacritic for labialization, ̫ , can be used as an ad hoc symbol ʉ̫ for the close central protruded vowel.
The close-mid central protruded vowel is typically transcribed in IPA simply as ɵ , and that is the convention used in this article. As there is no dedicated diacritic for protrusion in the IPA, symbol for the close central rounded vowel with an old diacritic for labialization, ̫ , can be used as an ad hoc symbol ɵ̫ for the close central protruded vowel.
In the vowel diagram, convenient reference points are provided for specifying tongue position. The position of the highest point of the arch of the tongue is considered to be the point of articulation of the vowel. The vertical dimension of the vowel diagram is known as vowel height, which includes high, central (mid), or low vowels.