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Cellulose nitrate (c. 1889 – c. 1950) is the first of film supports.It can be found as roll film, motion picture film, and sheet film. It is difficult to determine the dates when all nitrate film was discontinued, however, Eastman Kodak last manufactured nitrate film in 1951. [1]
Adox was a German camera and film brand of Fotowerke Dr. C. Schleussner GmbH of Frankfurt am Main, the world's first photographic materials manufacturer. In the 1950s it launched its revolutionary thin layer sharp black and white kb 14 and 17 films, referred to by US distributors as the 'German wonder film'. [1]
Nitrate film stock was used in every major film production before about 1951. Many silent films only survived because they were printed to 16 mm film , which did not use a nitrate base. A report published by the United States Library of Congress in September 2013 states that 70 percent of all American silent feature films are lost.
[42] [43] The BFI Southbank in London is the only cinema in the United Kingdom licensed to show Nitrate Film. [44] The use of nitrate film and its fiery potential were certainly not issues limited to the realm of motion pictures or to commercial still photography. The film was also used for many years in medicine, where its hazardous nature was ...
Movies of the first half of the 20th century were filmed on an unstable, highly flammable cellulose nitrate film base, which required careful storage to slow its inevitable process of decomposition over time. [5] Most films made on nitrate stock were not preserved; over the years, their negatives and prints crumbled into powder or dust. [10]
Although a very early pioneer in trichromatic color film (as early as 1908), invented by German chemists Rudolf Fischer and Benno Homolka [], Agfa film was first made commercially available in 1936 (16 mm reversal and 35 mm), [2] Agfa-Gevaert has discontinued their line of motion picture camera films.
Replacement for the original Velvia 50, which was discontinued owing to availability issues with original chemistry. 135 & 120 (T base), sheet film 4x5", 5x7", 8x10" (P base). Discontinued SKU; Sheet films, Europe/USA in 2012, [ 80 ] 5x7" in 2013 Japan, [ 81 ] 220 in 2015 [ 82 ] [ 83 ] All sheet films discontinued in Japan 10/2021.
Kodak discontinued the manufacture of nitrate base in 1951, and the industry transitioned entirely to safety film in 1951 in the United States and by 1955 internationally. Since the late 1990s, almost all release prints have used polyester film stock.