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An ion-selective electrode (ISE), also known as a specific ion electrode (SIE), is a simple membrane-based potentiometric device which measures the activity of ions in solution. [1] It is a transducer (or sensor ) that converts the change in the concentration of a specific ion dissolved in a solution into an electrical potential .
In the 1970s and 1980s, sensors for the measurement of liquefied oxygen and carbon dioxide, as well as ion-selective electrodes (such as, for ammonium and nitrate) were developed on the basis of the glass electrode technology. [12] To complete the product range, measurement electronics produced by third-party suppliers were also sold.
A glass electrode is a type of ion-selective electrode made of a doped glass membrane that is sensitive to a specific ion. The most common application of ion-selective glass electrodes is for the measurement of pH. The pH electrode is an example of a glass electrode that is sensitive to hydrogen ions.
The design of the electrodes is the key part: These are rod-like structures usually made of glass, with a bulb containing the sensor at the bottom. The glass electrode for measuring the pH has a glass bulb specifically designed to be selective to hydrogen-ion concentration.
An ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) is a field-effect transistor used for measuring ion concentrations in solution; when the ion concentration (such as H +, see pH scale) changes, the current through the transistor will change accordingly. Here, the solution is used as the gate electrode.
Mettler Toledo provides multiple weighing and food labeling solutions for supermarkets, hypermarkets, and other food retail businesses to facilitate the handling of fresh goods such as meats, vegetables, fruits, and cheeses. Their solutions integrate counter, self-service, backroom, and checkout functions, enabling the incorporation of fresh ...
This type of ion-selective electrode is subject to interference from (in declining order of magnitude) rubidium, caesium, ammonium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and lithium. The most significant interference with measurement of potassium concentration is from the ammonium ion, which in practice is a problem where the ammonium concentration is ...
Ionophores catalyze ion transport across hydrophobic membranes, such as liquid polymeric membranes (carrier-based ion selective electrodes) or lipid bilayers found in the living cells or synthetic vesicles . [1] Structurally, an ionophore contains a hydrophilic center and a hydrophobic portion that interacts with the membrane.
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