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  2. USDA soil taxonomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USDA_soil_taxonomy

    About 1,000 soil subgroups are defined in the United States. [6] A soil family category is a group of soils within a subgroup and describes the physical and chemical properties which affect the response of soil to agricultural management and engineering applications. The principal characteristics used to differentiate soil families include ...

  3. Physical properties of soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_properties_of_soil

    Soil color, while easily discerned, has little use in predicting soil characteristics. [109] It is of use in distinguishing boundaries of horizons within a soil profile, [ 110 ] determining the origin of a soil's parent material , [ 111 ] as an indication of wetness and waterlogged conditions, [ 112 ] and as a qualitative means of measuring ...

  4. Unified Soil Classification System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Soil...

    The Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is a soil classification system used in engineering and geology to describe the texture and grain size of a soil. The classification system can be applied to most unconsolidated materials, and is represented by a two-letter symbol. Each letter is described below (with the exception of Pt):

  5. Soil classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_classification

    Soil texture triangle showing the USDA classification system based on grain size Map of global soil regions from the USDA. For soil resources, experience has shown that a natural system approach to classification, i.e. grouping soils by their intrinsic property (soil morphology), behaviour, or genesis, results in classes that can be interpreted for many diverse uses.

  6. World Reference Base for Soil Resources - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Reference_Base_for...

    Annex 1 is a field guide. It provides all field characteristics (including their definitions) needed for WRB classification and some additional general field characteristics. The characteristics are explained with many figures, and a flow chart is offered for hand texturing. Annex 2 lists the laboratory methods.

  7. Soil type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_type

    A soil type is a taxonomic unit in soil science. All soils that share a certain set of well-defined properties form a distinctive soil type. [1] Soil type is a technical term of soil classification, the science that deals with the systematic categorization of soils. Every soil of the world belongs to a certain soil type. Soil type is an ...

  8. Soil morphology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_morphology

    Observations of soil morphology are typically performed in the field on soil profiles exposed by excavating a pit or extracting a core with a push tube (handheld or hydraulic) or auger. [8] A soil profile is one face of a pedon, or an imaginary three-dimensional unit of soil that would display the full range of properties characteristic of a ...

  9. Soil gradation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_Gradation

    In soil science, soil gradation is a classification of a coarse-grained soil that ranks the soil based on the different particle sizes contained in the soil. [1] Soil gradation is an important aspect of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering because it is an indicator of other engineering properties such as compressibility , shear strength ...