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Despite much opposition, the Rowlatt Act was passed on 18 March 1919. The purpose of the act was to curb the growing nationalist upsurge in the country. Under the Rowlatt act 1919, the chief justice was empowered to decide on the immediate custody of the accused between the trial and release on bail for smooth implementation of the act.
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919.A large crowd had gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Punjab, British India, during the annual Baisakhi fair to protest against the Rowlatt Act and the arrest of pro-Indian independence activists Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal.
Gandhi's call was for a nationwide protest against the Rowlatt Act. In promoting "self-reliance," his planning of the non-cooperation movement included persuading all Indians to withdraw their labour from any activity that "sustained the British government and also economy in India," [7] including British industries and educational institutions ...
The period of 1919-1922 is widely seen as the heyday of Hindu-Muslim unity. [12] Mustafa Kemal Atatürk had thanked the Congress for its sympathy, and hoped that it would soon gain Swaraj. [34] The movement is described as a milestone in the growth of the Muslim nationalism [35] and the history of civil disobedience in India.
Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922), during the Indian independence movement, led by Mahatma Gandhi against British rule Non-cooperation movement (1971) , a movement in East Pakistan Non-cooperation movement (2024) , a movement in Bangladesh against Awami League government
Jallianwala Bagh ( dried out plot ) in 1919. In 1919, in response to excluding Mahatma Gandhi from visiting Punjab, the secret deportation of Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal on 10 April and the reactions to the Rowlatt Act, Punjab had witnessed attempts of Indians to gather and protest. [1]
Saifuddin Kitchlew (15 January 1888 – 9 October 1963) was an Indian independence activist, barrister, politician and later a leader of the peace movement.A member of Indian National Congress, he first became Punjab Provincial Congress Committee (Punjab PCC) head and later the General Secretary of the All India Congress Committee in 1924.
6 April – Mahatma Gandhi declared an All India Strike against the Rowlatt Act. 11 April – Serious riots in Ahmedabad. [1] 13 April – At the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar, Punjab, British and Gurkha troops massacre 379 Sikhs. 15 April – Disturbances in Delhi and Punjab and martial law in Punjab (back dated to 30 March);. [2] [3]