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If displaying cases of extreme autophagia, it is likely that individuals have other underlying mental disorders. [4] Hence, to live with extreme autophagia psychotherapy is encouraged to control obsessive thoughts and self harm. [9] However, in benign cases, living with autophagia should not make a material impact to one's lifestyle.
Defects in autophagy have been linked to various human diseases, including neurodegeneration and cancer, and interest in modulating autophagy as a potential treatment for these diseases has grown rapidly. [6] [7] Four forms of autophagy have been identified: macroautophagy, microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), and crinophagy.
A more recent treatment for severe Raynaud's is the use of botulinum toxin. The 2009 article [38] studied 19 patients ranging in age from 15 to 72 years with severe Raynaud's phenomenon of which 16 patients (84%) reported pain reduction at rest; 13 patients reported immediate pain relief, three more had gradual pain reduction over 1–2 months ...
A few other major signs to look out for include extreme fatigue, headaches, fever, a butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose, hair loss, and Raynaud’s phenomenon (a condition in which ...
Most patients (over 80%) have vascular symptoms and Raynaud's phenomenon, which leads to attacks of discoloration of the hands and feet in response to cold. Raynaud's normally affects the fingers and toes. Systemic scleroderma and Raynaud's can cause painful ulcers on the fingers or toes, which are known as digital ulcers.
The condition is thought to be the result of inflammation or mechanical damage by blood pressure [30] around long axis of medular veins. Dawson's fingers spread along, and from, large periventricular collecting veins, and are attributed to perivenular inflammation. [36] Lesions far away from these veins are known as Steiner's splashes. [30]
Gene therapy starts with the repairing or replacement of the gene that causes the disease. [28] If this does not work, additional genes will be inserted into the body to address the mutated gene. [29] Danon Disease, the most common form of AVM, could possibly be cured by adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)–mediated gene therapy. [30]
Additionally, swan-neck deformity can be caused by weakening or tearing of the ligament and tendon on the middle joint of a finger. [10] Other causes of swan-neck deformity include untreated mallet finger, muscle spasticity, physical hand trauma, and many others. [11]