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Drug interaction. Grapefruit juice can act as an enzyme inhibitor, affecting the metabolism of drugs. In pharmaceutical sciences, drug interactions occur when a drug's mechanism of action is affected by the concomitant administration of substances such as foods, beverages, or other drugs. A popular example of drug–food interaction is the ...
List of polysubstance combinations. A drug combination chart designed for harm reduction by TripSit [1] Polysubstance use or multisubstance use is the use of combinations of psychoactive substances with both legal and illegal substances. This page lists polysubstance combinations that are entheogenic, recreational, or off-label indicated use of ...
The effect of grapefruit juice with regard to drug absorption was originally discovered in 1989 by a group led by pharmacologist David Bailey. Their first published clinical report on grapefruit drug interactions was in 1991. [9] The effect was first discovered accidentally in 1989, when a test of drug interactions with alcohol used grapefruit ...
creosote bush, gobernadora, larreastat [4] Larrea tridentata, Larrea divaricata[4] Liver damage, [3][4][5] kidney problems, [4] Hypotension in cancer patients [3] Chinese herbal mixtures. Heavy metal poisoning [5] Coltsfoot. coughwort, farfarae folium leaf, foalswort [4] Tussilago farfara.
In some literature articles, the terms "mechanism of action" and "mode of action" are used interchangeably, typically referring to the way in which the drug interacts and produces a medical effect. However, in actuality, a mode of action describes functional or anatomical changes, at the cellular level, resulting from the exposure of a living ...
Non-covalent interaction. In chemistry, a non-covalent interaction differs from a covalent bond in that it does not involve the sharing of electrons, [1] but rather involves more dispersed variations of electromagnetic interactions between molecules or within a molecule. The chemical energy released in the formation of non-covalent interactions ...
A symmetric hydrogen bond is a special type of hydrogen bond in which the proton is spaced exactly halfway between two identical atoms. The strength of the bond to each of those atoms is equal. It is an example of a three-center four-electron bond. This type of bond is much stronger than a "normal" hydrogen bond.
Ciprofloxacin is weakly bound to serum proteins (20–40%). It is an inhibitor of the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 1A2, which leads to the potential for clinically important drug interactions with drugs metabolized by that enzyme. [5] Ciprofloxacin is about 70% available when administered orally. [3]