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Intraspecific competition is an interaction in population ecology, whereby members of the same species compete for limited resources. This leads to a reduction in fitness for both individuals, but the more fit individual survives and is able to reproduce. [ 1 ]
Interspecific competition, in ecology, is a form of competition in which individuals of different species compete for the same resources in an ecosystem (e.g. food or living space). This can be contrasted with mutualism, a type of symbiosis. Competition between members of the same species is called intraspecific competition.
Competition can occur between individuals of the same species, called intraspecific competition, or between different species, called interspecific competition. Studies show that intraspecific competition can regulate population dynamics (changes in population size over time). This occurs because individuals become crowded as the population grows.
Competition is often for a resource such as food, water, or territory in limited supply, or for access to females for reproduction. [18] Competition among members of the same species is known as intraspecific competition, while competition between individuals of different species is known as interspecific competition.
Interspecific competition, when individuals of different species compete for the same resource in an ecosystem; Interspecific feeding, when adults of one species feed the young of another species; Interspecific hybridization, when two species within the same genus generate offspring. Offspring may develop into adults but may be sterile.
In other words, intraspecific competition must exceed interspecific competition. [7] For example, jackrabbits living in the same area compete for food and nesting grounds. Such competition within the same species is called intraspecific competition, which limits the growth of the species itself. Members from different species can also compete.
Examples of these interactions can be intraspecific (between the same species) and interspecific (between different species) competition [15] or relationships such as those of ecological facilitation.
For example, territorial choruses by male lions discourage intruders and are likely to benefit all contributors. [2] This process contrasts with intragroup competition where individuals work against each other for selfish reasons. Cooperation exists not only in humans but in other animals as well.