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Dutasteride is approved for the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia in South Korea and Japan at a dosage of 0.5 mg per day. [6] [17] Several studies have found it to induce hair regrowth in men more rapidly and to a greater extent than even the highest approved dosage of finasteride.
Unlike the related medication eplerenone, spironolactone is said to not be metabolized by CYP3A4. [245] However, hepatic CYP3A4 is likely responsible for the 6β-hydroxylation of 7α-TMS into 6β-OH-7α-TMS. [18] [246] 7α-TMS may also be hydroxylated at the C3α and C3β positions. [19] Spironolactone is dethioacetylated into canrenone. [20]
[9] [3] The medication is an analog of the drug spironolactone. [10] Drospirenone is taken by mouth. [1] [3] Common side effects include acne, headache, breast tenderness, weight increase, and menstrual changes. [3] Rare side effects may include high potassium levels and blood clots (when taken as a combined oestrogen-progestogen pill), among ...
Eplerenone is a newer drug that was developed as a spironolactone analog with reduced adverse effects. In addition to the y-lactone ring and the substituent on C-7, eplerenone has a 9α,11α-epoxy group. This group is believed to be the reason why eplerenone has a 20-40-fold lower affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptor than spironolactone. [7]
Unlike spironolactone, bicalutamide has no antimineralocorticoid activity, [97] and for this reason, has no risk of hyperkalemia (which can, rarely/in severe cases, result in hospitalization or death) [112] or other antimineralocorticoid side effects such as urinary frequency, dehydration, hypotension, hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, or ...
Canrenone is an active metabolite of spironolactone, canrenoic acid, and potassium canrenoate, and is considered to be partially responsible for their effects. [9] It has been found to have approximately 10 to 25% of the potassium-sparing diuretic effect of spironolactone, [ 16 ] whereas another metabolite, 7α-thiomethylspironolactone (7α-TMS ...
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The 2012 clinical practice guidelines by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) states that amiloride can be used to treat ascites in place of spironolactone if it isn't tolerated (e.g. due to the side effect of gynecomastia), though amiloride isn't a preferred drug due to cost and lack of efficacy. [14]