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As in animals, female and male gametes are called, respectively, eggs and sperm. In extant land plants, either the sporophyte or the gametophyte may be reduced (heteromorphic). [2] No extant gametophytes have stomata, but they have been found on fossil species like the early Devonian Aglaophyton from the Rhynie chert. [3]
At least one of the spores develop into haploid female gametophytes, the megagametophytes. [1] The megaspore mother cell arises within the megasporangium tissue. In flowering plants the megasporangium is also called the nucellus , and the female gametophyte is sometimes called the embryo sac or embryonic sac .
Female gametophytes of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. Gametophores are prominent structures in seedless plants on which the reproductive organs are borne. [citation needed] [1] The word gametophore (more accurately gametangiophore) is composed of the greek ‘gamete-,’ referring (loosely) to gametangia [citation needed] and ‘-phore’ (Greek Φορά, "to be carried"). [2]
The male gametophytes, which produce sperm, are enclosed within pollen grains produced in the anthers. The female gametophytes are contained within the ovules produced in the ovary . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In some plants, multiple flowers occur singly on a pedicel (flower stalk), and some are arranged in a group ( inflorescence ) on a peduncle ...
Location of ovules inside a Helleborus foetidus flower. In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the integument, forming its outer layer, the nucellus (or remnant of the megasporangium), and the female gametophyte (formed from a haploid megaspore) in its center.
Megagametogenesis is the process of maturation of the female gametophyte, or megagametophyte, in plants. [1] During the process of megagametogenesis, the megaspore, which arises from megasporogenesis, develops into the embryonic sac, in which the female gamete is housed. [2] These megaspores then develop into the haploid female gametophytes. [2]
In the flowering plants, the female gametophyte is produced inside the ovule within the ovary of the flower. When mature, the haploid gametophyte produces female gametes which are ready for fertilization. The male gametophyte is produced inside a pollen grain within the anther and is non-motile, but can be distributed by wind, water or animal ...
The gynoecium is often referred to as female because it gives rise to female (egg-producing) gametophytes; however, strictly speaking sporophytes do not have a sex, only gametophytes do. [1] Gynoecium development and arrangement is important in systematic research and identification of angiosperms , but can be the most challenging of the floral ...