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The causes of gender incongruence have been studied for decades. Transgender brain studies, especially those on trans women attracted to women ( gynephilic ), and those on trans men attracted to men ( androphilic ), are limited, as they include only a small number of tested individuals. [ 2 ]
Gender dysphoria (GD) is the distress a person experiences due to a mismatch between their gender identity—their personal sense of their own gender—and their sex assigned at birth. [5] [6] The term replaced the previous diagnostic label of gender identity disorder (GID) in 2013 with the release of the diagnostic manual DSM-5.
Gender-affirmative practices emphasize gender health. Gender health is an individual's ability to identify as and express the gender(s) that feels most comfortable without the fear of rejection. [49] Gender-affirmative practices are informed by the following premises: [49] gender variance is not a psychological disorder or mental illness
The majority of Money's theories regarding the importance of socialization in the determination of gender have come under intense criticism, especially in connection with the inaccurate reporting of success in the infant sex reassignment of David Reimer. [18] In 1974, The Psychology of Sex Differences was published. It said that men and women ...
Gender theory, often called gender ideology by its detractors, sugg. Pope Francis on Friday warned of the dangers of so-called gender theory, saying he had commissioned studies into what he ...
Parents and adults may react negatively to this gender nonconformity in their children, resulting in higher rates of maltreatment. Early hypotheses presumed that childhood maltreatment experienced by some non-heterosexuals was the cause of non-heterosexual orientations, a theory which has not been supported by more thorough examination. [6]
A second theory proposes sex differences in intergroup ... men into traditional gender roles that causes gender ... was an inconsistency in female and reproductive ...
Nic Rider and Elliot Tebbe characterize Blanchard's theory of autogynephilia as an anti-trans theory that functions to invalidate and delegitimize transgender individuals. [96] Serano writes that trans-exclusionary radical feminists, self-described as "gender-critical" feminists, have embraced the idea of autogynephilia beginning in the 2000s. [53]