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A factitious disorder is a mental disorder in which a person, without a malingering motive, acts as if they have an illness by deliberately producing, feigning, or exaggerating symptoms, purely to attain (for themselves or for another) a patient's role.
Malingering is established as separate from similar forms of excessive illness behaviour, such as somatization disorder, wherein symptoms are not deliberately falsified. Another disorder is factitious disorder, which lacks a desire for secondary, external gain. [7] [6] Both of these are recognised as diagnosable by the DSM-5. However, not all ...
Primary gain can be a component of any disease, but is most typically demonstrated in conversion disorder — a psychiatric disorder in which stressors manifest themselves as physical symptoms without organic causes, such as a person who becomes blind after seeing a murder. The "gain" may not be particularly evident to an outside observer.
In the context of a positive Hoover's sign, functional weakness (or "conversion disorder") is much more likely than malingering or factitious disorder. [3] Strong hip muscles can make the test difficult to interpret. [4] Efforts have been made to use the theory behind the sign to report a quantitative result. [5]
The production of seizure-like symptoms is not under voluntary control; [13] [14] symptoms which are feigned or faked voluntarily would fall under the categories of factitious disorder or malingering. [15] Risk factors for PNES include having a history of head injury, and having a diagnosis of epilepsy. [16]
"People with factitious disorder are typically well-informed of the illness they are feigning," Ammon says. "They may exaggerate symptoms or create symptoms, create elaborate medical histories ...
Ganser syndrome was listed under Factitious Disorder with Psychological Symptoms in the DSM-III. [13] The criteria of this category emphasized symptoms that cannot be explained by other mental disorders, psychological symptoms under the control of the individual, and the goal of assuming a patient role, not otherwise understandable given their circumstances.
Growing up, Ajahzi Gardner was very aware of being the one and only. The only Black girl on the soccer team, the only Black girl on the gymnastics team, the only Black girl on the cheerleading ...