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[nb 1] Earth's orbital speed averages 29.78 km/s (19 mi/s; 107,208 km/h; 66,616 mph), which is fast enough to cover the planet's diameter in 7 minutes and the distance to the Moon in 4 hours. [3] The point towards which the Earth in its solar orbit is directed at any given instant is known as the "apex of the Earth's way". [4] [5]
the Earth's surface Speed Orbital period Specific orbital energy; Earth's own rotation at surface (for comparison— not an orbit) 6,378 km: 0 km: 465.1 m/s (1,674 km/h or 1,040 mph) 23 h 56 min 4.09 sec: −62.6 MJ/kg: Orbiting at Earth's surface (equator) theoretical 6,378 km: 0 km: 7.9 km/s (28,440 km/h or 17,672 mph) 1 h 24 min 18 sec
A view from the International Space Station in a low Earth orbit (LEO) at about 400 km (250 mi), with yellow-green airglow visible at Earth's horizon, where roughly at an altitude of 100 km (62 mi) the boundary between Earth and outer space lies and flying speeds reach orbital velocities. A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit around Earth with a ...
the Earth's surface Speed Orbital period Specific orbital energy; Earth's own rotation at surface (for comparison— not an orbit) 6,378 km: 0 km: 465.1 m/s (1,674 km/h or 1,040 mph) 23 h 56 min 4.09 sec: −62.6 MJ/kg: Orbiting at Earth's surface (equator) theoretical 6,378 km: 0 km: 7.9 km/s (28,440 km/h or 17,672 mph) 1 h 24 min 18 sec
the Earth's surface Speed Orbital period Specific orbital energy; Earth's own rotation at surface (for comparison— not an orbit) 6,378 km: 0 km: 465.1 m/s (1,674 km/h or 1,040 mph) 23 h 56 min 4.09 sec: −62.6 MJ/kg: Orbiting at Earth's surface (equator) theoretical 6,378 km: 0 km: 7.9 km/s (28,440 km/h or 17,672 mph) 1 h 24 min 18 sec
A relatively small extra delta-v above that needed to accelerate to the escape speed can result in a relatively large speed at infinity. Some orbital manoeuvres make use of this fact. For example, at a place where escape speed is 11.2 km/s, the addition of 0.4 km/s yields a hyperbolic excess speed of 3.02 km/s:
The orbital speed of Earth averages about 29.78 km/s (107,200 km/h; 66,600 mph), which is fast enough to travel a distance equal to Earth's diameter, about 12,742 km (7,918 mi), in seven minutes, and the distance from Earth to the Moon, 384,400 km (238,900 mi), in about 3.5 hours.
the Earth's surface Speed Orbital period Specific orbital energy; Earth's own rotation at surface (for comparison— not an orbit) 6,378 km: 0 km: 465.1 m/s (1,674 km/h or 1,040 mph) 23 h 56 min 4.09 sec: −62.6 MJ/kg: Orbiting at Earth's surface (equator) theoretical 6,378 km: 0 km: 7.9 km/s (28,440 km/h or 17,672 mph) 1 h 24 min 18 sec