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Medical Necessity: Health Care Access and the Politics of Decision Making by Daniel Skinner, a book published by the University of Minnesota Press (2019). Charles Martin, "Medical Use of Cannabis in Australia: 'Medical necessity' defences under current Australian law and avenues for reform" (2014) 21(4) Journal of Law and Medicine 875.
[1] [2] [3] Certificates of need are necessary for the construction of medical facilities in 35 states and are issued by state health care agencies: The certificate-of-need requirement was originally based on state law. New York passed the first certificate-of-need law in 1964, the Metcalf–McCloskey Act.
Physician's News Digest article on Certificates of Medical Necessity; Statutory definition of a CMN at the SSA website; Medicare manual that provides exhaustive information about the practical use of CMNs, particularly section 5.3. This is the official source of information for contractors administering the Medicare system about the use of CMNs.
Unnecessary health care (overutilization, overuse, or overtreatment) is health care provided with a higher volume or cost than is appropriate. [1] In the United States, where health care costs are the highest as a percentage of GDP, overuse was the predominant factor in its expense, accounting for about a third of its health care spending ($750 billion out of $2.6 trillion) in 2012.
Utilization management is "a set of techniques used by or on behalf of purchasers of health care benefits to manage health care costs by influencing patient care decision-making through case-by-case assessments of the appropriateness of care prior to its provision," as defined by the Institute of Medicine [1] Committee on Utilization Management by Third Parties (1989; IOM is now the National ...
The comprehensive metabolic panel, or chemical screen (CMP; CPT code 80053), is a panel of 14 blood tests that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool. The CMP provides a rough check of kidney function, liver function, diabetic and parathyroid status, and electrolyte and fluid balance, but this type of screening has its limitations.
Norfloxacin, sold under the brand name Noroxin among others, is an antibiotic [1] [2] that belongs to the class of fluoroquinolone antibiotics.It is used to treat urinary tract infections, gynecological infections, inflammation of the prostate gland, gonorrhea and bladder infection.
Haemophilia (British English), or hemophilia (American English) [6] (from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma) 'blood' and φιλία (philía) 'love of'), [7] is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding.