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  2. Input/output - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/output

    The term can also be used as part of an action; to "perform I/O" is to perform an input or output operation. I/O devices are the pieces of hardware used by a human (or other system) to communicate with a computer. For instance, a keyboard or computer mouse is an input device for a computer, while monitors and printers are output devices.

  3. Operation (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, an operation is a function from a set to itself. For example, an operation on real numbers will take in real numbers and return a real number. An operation can take zero or more input values (also called "operands" or "arguments") to a well-defined output value.

  4. Transfer function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_function

    The transfer function of a two-port electronic circuit, such as an amplifier, might be a two-dimensional graph of the scalar voltage at the output as a function of the scalar voltage applied to the input; the transfer function of an electromechanical actuator might be the mechanical displacement of the movable arm as a function of electric ...

  5. Calculator input methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator_input_methods

    An input scheme known as algebraic operating system (AOS) [7] combines both. [7] This is the name Texas Instruments uses for the input scheme used in some of its calculators. [8] Immediate-execution calculators are based on a mixture of infix and postfix notation: binary operations are done as infix, but unary operations are postfix.

  6. Arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic

    Arithmetic operations are ways of combining, transforming, or manipulating numbers. They are functions that have numbers both as input and output. [37] The most important operations in arithmetic are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. [38] Further operations include exponentiation, extraction of roots, and logarithm. [39]

  7. Function (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(mathematics)

    Schematic depiction of a function described metaphorically as a "machine" or "black box" that for each input yields a corresponding output The red curve is the graph of a function, because any vertical line has exactly one crossing point with the curve. A function f from a set X to a set Y is an assignment of one element of Y to each element of X.

  8. State-space representation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State-space_representation

    In control engineering and system identification, a state-space representation is a mathematical model of a physical system specified as a set of input, output, and variables related by first-order differential equations or difference equations.

  9. Floor and ceiling functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floor_and_ceiling_functions

    In mathematics, the floor function is the function that takes as input a real number x, and gives as output the greatest integer less than or equal to x, denoted ⌊x⌋ or floor(x). Similarly, the ceiling function maps x to the least integer greater than or equal to x, denoted ⌈x⌉ or ceil(x). [1]