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The Medieval and Early Modern Nautical Chart: Birth, Evolution and Use, Lisbon-based ERC-funded academic project. They develop and maintain the MEDEA-CHART Database, a sophisticated search engine and aggregator of early nautical charts data. Online version of Chart No.1 with "Symbols, Abbreviations and Terms" used in nautical charts
A portolan nautical chart of the Mediterranean Sea, second quarter of the 14th century. Kept in the Library of Congress, where it is the oldest original cartographic artifact. Portolan charts are nautical charts, first made in the 13th century in the Mediterranean basin and later expanded to include
An Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC) is a digital representation of a real-world geographical area for the purpose of Marine navigation.Real-world objects and areas of navigational significance, or to a lesser degree - informational significance, are portrayed through Raster facsimiles of traditional paper charts; or more commonly through vector images, which are able to scale their relative ...
Nautical charts and textual descriptions known as sailing directions have been in use in one form or another since the sixth century BC. [14] Nautical charts using stereographic and orthographic projections date back to the second century BC. [14] In 1900, the Antikythera mechanism was recovered from Antikythera wreck. This mechanism was built ...
Size of this JPG preview of this PDF file: 700 × 600 pixels. ... Chart 18448 36th ed. December 2015 last correction 1/6/2017. Date: 6 January 2017: Source ...
Before the advent of nautical charts in the 14th century, navigation at sea relied on the accumulated knowledge of navigators and pilots.Plotting a course at sea required knowing the direction and distance between point A and point B. Knowledge of where places lay relative to each other was acquired by mariners during their long experience at sea.
The oldest sailing directions, dating back to the middle ages, descended directly from the Greek and Roman periplii: in classical times, in the absence of real nautical charts, navigation was carried out using books that described the coast, not necessarily intended for navigation, but more often consisting of reports of previous voyages, or celebrations of the deeds of leaders or rulers.
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