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Red-fruited raspberries European Rubus idaeus raspberry fruits on the plant. The raspberry is the edible fruit of several plant species in the genus Rubus of the rose family, most of which are in the subgenus Idaeobatus. [1] The name also applies to these plants themselves. Raspberries are perennial with woody stems. [2]
Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, commonly known as brambles. [3] [4] [5] Fruits of various species are known as raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, and bristleberries.
Rubus hawaiensis, also called the ʻĀkala, is one of two species (with R. macraei) commonly known as Hawaiian raspberry, endemic to Hawaii. It is found on the islands of Kauaʻi , Molokaʻi , Maui , O'ahu , and Hawaiʻi in mesic to wet forest at elevations of 600–3,070 m (1,970–10,070 ft). [ 3 ]
Rubus formosensis, the Formosan raspberry or Formosan bramble, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, native to southeastern China (Guangdong and Guangxi), and Taiwan. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It is found at a wide range of elevations, generally in habitats that have limited competition from other plants. [ 1 ]
The yellow Himalayan raspberry is a threat to native flora because it can outcompete other plants. More specifically, it has higher photosynthetic rates, higher nitrogen fixation rates, and therefore a higher photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (or PNUE). [17] The yellow Himalayan raspberry is currently only invasive on Hawaii. [12]
Rubus parviflorus is a dense shrub up to 2.5 meters (8 feet) tall with canes no more than 1.5 centimeters (1 ⁄ 2 inch) in diameter, often growing in large clumps which spread through the plant's underground rhizome. Unlike many other members of the genus, it has no prickles.