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A hiatal hernia or hiatus hernia [2] is a type of hernia in which abdominal organs (typically the stomach) slip through the diaphragm into the middle compartment of the chest. [1] [3] This may result in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) with symptoms such as a taste of acid in the back of the mouth or heartburn.
In one report 10% of 100 people investigated for iron deficiency anemia had a large hiatal hernia. [3] A 1967 review found that 20% of 1305 individuals having surgery for hiatal hernia were anemic. [4] Cameron in 1976 [5] compared 259 people with large hiatal hernias visible on chest x-ray with 259 controls without hernias. Present or past ...
A Nissen fundoplication, or laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication when performed via laparoscopic surgery, is a surgical procedure to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and hiatal hernia. In GERD, it is usually performed when medical therapy has failed; but, with a Type II (paraesophageal) hiatus hernia, it is the first-line procedure ...
A twist to this philosophic discussion on the art of diagnosis is that, in recent times, the possibility of an underlying pathophysiology has been considered—obesity is associated with gallstones, hiatal hernia, and diverticular disease, and there is the suggestion of an underlying connective tissue defect such as a "herniosis." [4]
Hiatus, or hiatal hernias often result in heartburn but may also cause chest pain or pain while eating. [3] Risk factors for the development of a hernia include smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, pregnancy, peritoneal dialysis, collagen vascular disease and previous open appendectomy, among others.
The causes are divided into benign or malignant. Benign Peptic ulcer disease; Infections, such as tuberculosis; and infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis.; A rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction is blockage with a gallstone, also termed "Bouveret syndrome" or "Bouveret's syndrome".
A hiatus hernia is a hernia in which parts of the lower esophagus or stomach that are normally in the abdomen pass abnormally through the diaphragm and are present in the thorax. Hernias are described as rolling, in which the hernia is beside the oesophagus, or sliding, in which the hernia directly
Diaphragmatic hernia; This is a photo of a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a cat. The photo was taken during necropsy from the right side of the cat. To the left is the abdomen, where part of the liver and the gall bladder can be seen. The diaphragm is in the middle. To the right is the thorax.