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Some fruits are indehiscent, and do not open to disperse the seeds. Xerochasy is dehiscence that occurs upon drying, and hygrochasy is dehiscence that occurs upon wetting, the fruit being hygroscopic. Dehiscent fruits that are derived from one carpel are follicles or legumes, and those derived from multiple carpels are capsules or siliques. [3]
Peanut seeds are contained in indehiscent legume fruit Acacia senegal fruits, in contrast, are dehiscent legume fruit Some, but not all, indehiscent fruits are included in specialized morphological categories such as achene , berry , caryopsis , cypsela , drupe , hesperidium , loment , pepo , pome , samara , syconium .
A few capsules are indehiscent, for example those of Adansonia digitata, Alphitonia, and Merciera. Capsules are often classified into four types, depending on the type and location of dehiscence (see Simpson Fig 9.41 [ 2 ] and Hickey & King [ 3 ] ).
Dry fruits can also be separated into dehiscent and indehiscent fruits. Dry dehiscent fruits are described as a fruit where the pod has an increase in internal tension to allow seeds to be released. These include the sweet pea, soybean, alfalfa, milkweed, mustard, cabbage and poppy. [3] Dry indehiscent fruit differ in that they do not have this ...
A nut is a fruit consisting of a hard or tough nutshell protecting a kernel which is usually edible. In general usage and in a culinary sense, many dry seeds are called nuts, but in a botanical context, "nut" implies that the shell does not open to release the seed (indehiscent).
The indehiscent (remaining closed) schizocarps of the parsnip (Pastinaca sativa), like that of the carrot, will split into two parts. The indehiscent schizocarp of musk mallow (Malva moschata) will later split into segments called mericarps. A schizocarp / ˈ s k ɪ z ə k ɑːr p / is a dry fruit that, when mature, splits up into mericarps.
By definition, berries have a fleshy, indehiscent pericarp, as opposed to a dry, dehiscent pericarp. Fossils show that early flowering plants had dry fruits; fleshy fruits, such as berries or drupes, appeared only towards the end of the Cretaceous Period or the beginning of the Paleogene Period, about . The increasing importance of seed ...
Some difficult cases exist however, so that the term indehiscent follicle is sometimes used, for example with the genus Filipendula, which has indehiscent fruits that could be considered intermediate between a (dehiscent) follicle and an (indehiscent) achene. [3] An aggregate fruit that consists of follicles may be called a follicetum.