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In technical terms, the dew point is the temperature at which the water vapor in a sample of air at constant barometric pressure condenses into liquid water at the same rate at which it evaporates. [7] At temperatures below the dew point, the rate of condensation will be greater than that of evaporation, forming more liquid water.
The temperature at which dew forms on a clean surface is directly related to the vapor pressure of the air. Dew point hygrometers work by placing a mirror over a closed sample chamber. The mirror is cooled until the dew point temperature is measured by means of an optical sensor.
The dew point depression (T-Td) is the difference between the temperature and dew point temperature at a certain height in the atmosphere. A lower dew point depression indicates that the air is more moist at a given temperature.
This process distinguishes dew from those hydrometeors (meteorological occurrences of water), which form directly in air that has cooled to its dew point (typically around condensation nuclei), such as fog or clouds. The thermodynamic principles of formation, however, are the same. Dew is commonly formed during select times of the day.
The major use for skew-T log-P diagrams is the plotting of radiosonde soundings, which give a vertical profile of the temperature and dew point temperature throughout the troposphere and lower stratosphere.
The dew point temperature is equal to the fully saturated dry bulb or wet bulb temperatures. Wet-bulb temperature: These lines are oblique lines that differ slightly from the enthalpy lines. They are identically straight but are not exactly parallel to each other. These intersect the saturation curve at DBT point.
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The CCL is determined by plotting the dew point (100%RH) versus altitude and locating the intersection with the actual measured temperature sounding. It marks where the cloud base begins when air is heated from below to the convective temperature , without mechanical lift.