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The kilogram (also spelled kilogramme [1]) is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI), having the unit symbol kg. [1] The word "kilogram" is formed from the combination of the metric prefix kilo- (meaning one thousand) and gram ; [ 2 ] it is colloquially shortened to " kilo " (plural "kilos").
For instance, K20, the US's primary standard, originally had an official mass of 1 kg − 39 μg (micrograms) in 1889; that is to say, K20 was 39 μg less than the IPK. A verification performed in 1948 showed a mass of 1 kg − 19 μg. The latest verification performed in 1989 shows a mass precisely identical to its original 1889 value.
This approach would define the kilogram as "the mass which would be accelerated at precisely 2 × 10 −7 m/s 2 when subjected to the per-metre force between two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross section, placed one metre apart in vacuum, through which flow a constant current of 1 / 1.602 17 × 10 ...
The international prototype of the kilogram (IPK) is an artefact or prototype that was defined to have a mass of exactly one kilogram.. In metrology (the science of measurement), a standard (or etalon) is an object, system, or experiment that bears a defined relationship to a unit of measurement of a physical quantity. [1]
A Kibble balance (also formerly known as a watt balance) is an electromechanical measuring instrument that measures the weight of a test object very precisely by the electric current and voltage needed to produce a compensating force. It is a metrological instrument that can realize the definition of the kilogram unit of mass based on ...
1.0 t f (9.8 kN; 0.98 LT f; 1.1 ST f) tf tf kilogram-force: kg-f kg f: 1.0 kg f (9.8 N; 2.2 lb f) kgf kgf gram-force: g-f g f: 1.0 g f (9.8 mN; 0.035 oz f) gf gf milligram-force: mg-f mg f: 1.0 mg f (9.8 μN; 0.015 gr f) mgf mgf Avoirdupois-based units: poundal: pdl pdl 1.0 pdl (0.14 N) long ton-force: LT-f LT f: 1.0 LT f (10.0 kN) LT-f ST-f ...
The metre, kilogram, second system of units, also known more briefly as MKS units or the MKS system, [1] [2] [3] is a physical system of measurement based on the metre, kilogram, and second (MKS) as base units. Distances are described in terms of metres, mass in terms of kilograms and time in seconds.
There are gram calories and kilogram calories. One kilogram calorie, which equals one thousand gram calories, often appears capitalised and without a prefix (i.e. Cal) when referring to "dietary calories" in food. [17] It is common to apply metric prefixes to the gram calorie, but not to the kilogram calorie: thus, 1 kcal = 1000 cal = 1 Cal.