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The object experiencing fission is usually a cell, but the term may also refer to how organisms, bodies, populations, or species split into discrete parts. [1] [2] [3] The fission may be binary fission, in which a single organism produces two parts, or multiple fission, in which a single entity produces multiple parts.
Multiple fission at the cellular level occurs in many protists, e.g. sporozoans and algae. The nucleus of the parent cell divides several times by mitosis, producing several nuclei. The cytoplasm then separates, creating multiple daughter cells. [5] [6] [7] In apicomplexans, multiple fission, or schizogony appears either as merogony, sporogony ...
Apicomplexans (sporozoans) replicate via ways of multiple fission (also known as schizogony). These ways include gametogony, sporogony and merogony, although the latter is sometimes referred to as schizogony, despite its general meaning. [2] Merogony is an asexually reproductive process of apicomplexa.
Amitosis, also known as karyostenosis, direct cell division, or binary fission, is a form of asexual cell division primarily observed in bacteria and other prokaryotes. This process is distinct from other cell division mechanisms such as mitosis and meiosis , mainly because it bypasses the complexities associated with the mitotic apparatus ...
Protozoa mostly reproduce asexually by binary fission or multiple fission. Many protozoa also exchange genetic material by sexual means (typically, through conjugation), but this is generally decoupled from reproduction. [60]
The human body experiences about 10 quadrillion cell divisions in a lifetime. [8] The primary concern of cell division is the maintenance of the original cell's genome. Before division can occur, the genomic information that is stored in chromosomes must be replicated, and the duplicated genome must be cleanly divided between progeny cells. [9]
Bacteria divide asexually via binary fission; viruses take control of host cells to produce more viruses; Hydras (invertebrates of the order Hydroidea) and yeasts are able to reproduce by budding. These organisms often do not possess different sexes, and they are capable of "splitting" themselves into two or more copies of themselves.
Fragmentation is a very common type of vegetative reproduction in plants.Many trees, shrubs, nonwoody perennials, and ferns form clonal colonies by producing new rooted shoots by rhizomes or stolons, which increases the diameter of the colony.