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A typical Asteraceae flower head showing the (five) individual ray florets and the (approximately 16) disk florets of a specimen of (Bidens torta) In plants of the Asteraceae, what appears to be a single "daisy"-type flower is actually a composite of several much smaller flowers, known as the capitulum or head.
Either ray or disk flowers may be absent in some plants: Senecio vulgaris lacks ray flowers [4] and Taraxacum officinale lacks disk flowers. [4] [5] The individual flowers of a pseudanthium in the family Asteraceae (or Compositae) are commonly called florets. [6] The pseudanthium has a whorl of bracts below the flowers, forming an involucre.
The disk floret has five petals, sometimes referred to as lobes, which are fused into its own corolla in the shape of a tube. [2] The male stamen is inside the tube-shaped corolla of the disk floret. It has five anthers, five filaments, and produces pollen. The anthers and filaments are readily visible as separate entities in non-Asteraceae ...
The 15–30 disk florets start out as pale yellow and turn pink with age. They are in the shape of a narrow funnel and are shallow at 3.5–4.5 mm (3 ⁄ 20 – 1 ⁄ 5 in) in depth. The disk florets are each made up of 5 petals, collectively a corolla, which open into 5 lanceolate lobes [d] comprising less than 25% of the depth of the floret. [5]
There are 12–16, sometimes up to 25, blue to purple or sometimes lilac ray florets of lengths 6–12 millimeters [a] and widths of 1.4–2.5 mm. These surround 15–22, sometimes up to 25, cream or light yellow disk florets of depths 4–5.8 mm with lanceolate lobes of lengths 0.5–0.9 mm. As the disk florets age, they become purple. [3]
These ray florets are about 6 mm (¼ in) long and 1½ mm (0.06 in) wide, with glandular hears on the tube shaped base. The disc florets are about 4 mm (0.16 in) long and also have a glandular tube. Within the ray florets are five anthers merged into a tube through which the style grows while
The disk floret is bisexual with female parts (one pistil containing one style, two stigmas, and an ovary with one ovule) and male parts (stamen, anthers, and filaments). Labeled parts are as follows: 1 – two stigmas, shown opened (if closed, they would appear as an extension of the style); 2 – style; 3 – five anthers fus...
Many yellow, funnel-shaped, star-symmetrical disc florets occupy the center of the flower head, often carry soft glands and carry five triangular lobes with a resin duct along the edge. The disc florets contain both ovaries topped by a forked style and five fertile anthers that form a tube around the style shaft. These anthers have triangular ...