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Smoker melanosis in a patient consuming 2 packs of cigarette per day. Smoking or the use of nicotine-containing drugs is the cause to Smoker's melanosis. [10] [11] Tar-components (benzopyrenes) are also known to stimulate melanocytes to melanin production, and other unknown toxic agents in tobacco may also be the cause.
Nicotine gum is a chewing gum containing the active ingredient nicotine polacrilex. [1] It is a type of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) used alone or in combination with other pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and for quitting smokeless tobacco .
The nicotine and tar in tobacco, combined with oxygen, turns yellow and over time will absorb into the pores of enamel and stain the teeth yellow. The dark brown to black stains along the gum line of the teeth are the result of the porous nature of calculus immediately picking up the stains from nicotine and tar. Betel chewing. [12] Betel ...
Before there was even a fancy term like "nicotine replacement therapy," the Swedish were using nicotine gum in the 1960s to help royal navy submariners manage their nicotine cravings while aboard ...
Associated side effects of nicotine Sources; Buccal: Nicotine gum: Indigestion, nausea, hiccups, traumatic injury to oral mucosa or teeth, irritation or tingling of the mouth and throat, oral mucosal ulceration, jaw-muscle ache, burping, gum sticking to teeth, unpleasant taste, dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, and insomnia. [47] [77] Lozenge
Nicotine pouches are used by placing them between your upper or lower lip and gum. "The nicotine is absorbed through the mouth into the bloodstream," Keller-Hamilton says. “Nicotine delivery ...
Heavy staining and calculus deposits exhibited on the lingual surface of the mandibular anterior teeth, along the gumline Calculus deposit (indicated with a red arrow) on x-ray image. In dentistry, calculus or tartar is a form of hardened dental plaque.
Tar also damages the mouth by rotting and blackening teeth, damaging gums, and desensitizing taste buds. Tar includes the majority of mutagenic and carcinogenic agents in tobacco smoke. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), for example, are genotoxic and epoxidative. [2]