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This is a family of Las Vegas-probabilistic methods all based on the observation that it is easier to guess enough error-free positions, than it is to guess all the error-positions. The simplest form is due to Prange: Let G {\displaystyle G} be the k × n {\displaystyle k\times n} generator matrix of C {\displaystyle C} used for encoding.
Example of a Key Derivation Function chain as used in the Signal Protocol.The output of one KDF function is the input to the next KDF function in the chain. In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) is a cryptographic algorithm that derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password, or a passphrase using a pseudorandom function (which typically uses a ...
On 1 April 2018, Stack Exchange introduced a rubber duck avatar on their websites as a new "feature" called Quack Overflow as an April Fools' Day joke. The duck appeared at the bottom right corner of the browser viewport, and attempted to help visitors by listening to their problems and responding with solutions.
For example, the character A is mapped to p, while a is mapped to 2. The use of a larger alphabet produces a more thorough obfuscation than that of ROT13; for example, a telephone number such as +1-415-839-6885 is not obvious at first sight from the scrambled result Z'\c`d\gbh\eggd. On the other hand, because ROT47 introduces numbers and ...
For example, in Python, to print the string Hello, World! followed by a newline, one only needs to write print ("Hello, World!" In contrast, the equivalent code in C++ [ 7 ] requires the import of the input/output (I/O) software library , the manual declaration of an entry point , and the explicit instruction that the output string should be ...
Proof of work (also written as proof-of-work, an abbreviated PoW) is a form of cryptographic proof in which one party (the prover) proves to others (the verifiers) that a certain amount of a specific computational effort has been expended. [1]
In computing, a script is a relatively short and simple set of instructions that typically automate an otherwise manual process. The act of writing a script is called scripting . A scripting language or script language is a programming language that is used for scripting.
Whitespace defines a command as a sequences of whitespace characters. For example, [Tab][Space][Space][Space] performs arithmetic addition of the top two elements on the stack. A command is written as an instruction modification parameter (IMP) followed by an operation and then any parameters. [1] IMP sequences include: