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Luwian religion was the religious and mythological beliefs and practices of the Luwians, an Indo-European people of Asia Minor, which is detectable from the Bronze Age until the early Roman Empire. It was strongly affected by foreign influence in all periods and it is not possible to clearly separate it from neighbouring cultures, particularly ...
In the Iron Age, she nonetheless became the main goddess in the Luwian pantheon. [15] Possibly in the aftermath of the fall of the Hittite Empire, Hurrian and Luwian traditions mixed, leading to the formation of the late form of the Luwian pantheon, which included her. [72] She continued to be worshiped in Carchemish. [73]
Ala was generally worshiped with the god of the meadow, Innara, in the Bronze Age and shared several epithets with him.Examples include "Ala of the Animal World," "Ala of the Quiver," "Ala of the Bow," which mark her out as a goddess of hunting.
During the Hittite New Kingdom, Luwian replaced Hittite as the empire's dominant language. In the early Iron Age, a number of Luwian-speaking Neo-Hittite states arose in northern Syria. The Luwians are known largely from their language, and it is unclear to what extent they formed a unified cultural or political group.
The head deity of the Proto-Indo-European pantheon was the god *Dyḗws Ph₂tḗr, [111] whose name literally means "Sky Father". [ 111 ] [ 112 ] [ 113 ] Regarded as the Sky or Day conceived as a divine entity, and thus the dwelling of the gods, the Heaven, [ 114 ] Dyēws is, by far, the most well-attested of all the Proto-Indo-European deities.
Her status was also high in Luwian religion. [9] Piotr Taracha notes that there most likely was no single uniform Luwian pantheon, but certain deities, including Kamrušepa, as well as Tarhunt, Tiwad, Maliya, Arma, Iyarri, Santa and a variety of tutelary gods represented by the logogram LAMMA were worshiped by most Luwian communities. [14]
While according to Piotr Taracha it is incorrect to assume a single Luwian pantheon existed, some deities, including her, as well as the likes of Kamrušepa, Tarhunt, Tiwad, Arma, Iyarri and Šanta were nonetheless worshiped by all Luwian communities. [38] She is best attested in texts from the south of Anatolia. [16]
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