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  2. Corrosion in ballast tanks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosion_in_ballast_tanks

    Therefore ongoing research attempts to find water treatment systems that kill invasive species, while not having a destructive effect on the ballast tank coatings. [6] As double-hulled tankers were introduced it meant that there was more ballast tank area had to be coated and therefore a greater capital investment for ship owners.

  3. Architecture of the oil tanker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_the_oil_tanker

    The lower tanks are connected to these ballast tanks by non-return valves. The United States Coast Guard does not allow this design to enter US waters, effectively preventing it from being built. [citation needed] When a lower tank is damaged, the incoming sea water pushes the oil in the damaged tank up into the ballast tank.

  4. Backwashing (water treatment) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backwashing_(water_treatment)

    In terms of water treatment, including water purification and sewage treatment, backwashing refers to pumping water backwards through the filters media, sometimes including intermittent use of compressed air during the process. Backwashing is a form of preventive maintenance so that the filter media can be reused.

  5. Dissolved air flotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolved_air_flotation

    Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a water treatment process that clarifies wastewaters (or other waters) by the removal of suspended matter such as oil or solids. The removal is achieved by dissolving air in the water or wastewater under pressure and then releasing the air at atmospheric pressure in a flotation tank basin. The released air forms ...

  6. Vertical draft - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_draft

    Vertical drafts, known as updrafts or downdrafts, are localized regions of warm or cool air that move vertically. A mass of warm air will typically be less dense than the surrounding region, and so will rise until it reaches air that is either warmer or less dense than itself.

  7. Water treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_treatment

    Dalecarlia Water Treatment Plant, Washington, D.C. Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment.

  8. Deaerator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaerator

    The treated water falls into a storage tank below the deaerator. [20] [3] Oxygen scavenging chemicals are very often added to the deaerated boiler feedwater to remove any last traces of oxygen that were not removed by the deaerator. The type of chemical added depends on whether the location uses a volatile or non-volatile water treatment program.

  9. Coagulation (water treatment) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation_(water_treatment)

    Coagulation-flocculation process in a water treatment system. In water treatment, coagulation and flocculation involve the addition of compounds that promote the clumping of fine floc into larger floc so that they can be more easily separated from the water. Coagulation is a chemical process that involves neutralization of charge whereas ...