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  2. Intravenous sugar solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intravenous_sugar_solution

    The percentage is a mass concentration, so a 5% glucose/dextrose solution contains 50 g/L of glucose/dextrose (5 g per 100 ml). This usage is imprecise but widely used, as discussed at Mass concentration (chemistry) § Usage in biology. Glucose provides energy 4 kcal/gram, so a 5% glucose solution provides 0.2 kcal/ml.

  3. Volume expander - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_expander

    The most commonly used crystalloid fluid is normal saline, a solution of sodium chloride at 0.9% concentration, which is close to the concentration in the blood . [3] Ringer's lactate or Ringer's acetate is another isotonic solution often used for large-volume fluid replacement. The choice of fluids may also depend on the chemical properties of ...

  4. Saline (medicine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_(medicine)

    Saline solution for irrigation. Normal saline (NSS, NS or N/S) is the commonly used phrase for a solution of 0.90% w/v of NaCl, 308 mOsm/L or 9.0 g per liter. Less commonly, this solution is referred to as physiological saline or isotonic saline (because it is approximately isotonic to blood serum, which makes it a physiologically normal solution).

  5. Sports drink - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_drink

    Athletes that are actively training lose water and electrolytes from their bodies by sweating, and expending energy.Sports drinks are sometimes chosen to be a solution for this problem through fluid replacement, carbohydrate loading and nutrient supplementation, [4] although the same source also states that "Whether water or a sports drink is consumed is the athlete's choice."

  6. Tonicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonicity

    Depiction of a red blood cell in an isotonic solution. A solution is isotonic when its effective osmole concentration is the same as that of another solution. In biology, the solutions on either side of a cell membrane are isotonic if the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell.

  7. Tyrode's solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrode's_solution

    Tyrode's solution is a solution that is roughly isotonic with interstitial fluid and used in physiological experiments and tissue culture. It resembles lactated Ringer's solution , but contains magnesium , a sugar (usually glucose ) as an energy source and uses bicarbonate and phosphate as a buffer instead of lactate .