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Of Mice and Men is a 1937 novella written by American author John Steinbeck. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It describes the experiences of George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, as they move from place to place in California , searching for jobs during the Great Depression .
Acute toxicity describes the adverse effects of a substance that result either from a single exposure [1] or from multiple exposures in a short period of time (usually less than 24 hours). [ 2 ] To be described as acute toxicity, the adverse effects should occur within 14 days of the administration of the substance.
The Draize test is an acute toxicity test devised in 1944 by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) toxicologists John H. Draize and Jacob M. Spines. Initially used for testing cosmetics, the procedure involves applying 0.5 mL or 0.5 g of a test substance to the eye or skin of a restrained, conscious animal, and then leaving it for a set amount of time before rinsing it out and recording its effects.
This test was removed from OECD international guidelines in 2002, replaced by methods such as the fixed dose procedure, which use fewer animals and cause less suffering. [225] [226] Abbott writes that, as of 2005, "the LD50 acute toxicity test ... still accounts for one-third of all animal [toxicity] tests worldwide". [221]
This test is the best protocol for testing samples of unknown toxicity, a high level of toxicity, or when the test results are required to provide the highest confidence and precision. This test consists of two controls and eight sample dilutions in duplicate. [14] Acute Toxicity 100% Test is a procedure that tests the sample at 100% sample ...
Animals or cell cultures may be put under a number of levels of a suspected toxin to ascertain whether the substance causes harmful changes and at what level it does so. The LD 50 value, a common measure of acute toxicity, describes the dose at which a substance is lethal to 50% of tested animals. [14]
The 1937 production opened while the novel was still on best seller lists. [1] At the time, George S. Kaufman was the top director in the country. [2] While the play follows the novel closely, Steinbeck altered the character of Curley's Wife, perhaps in response to criticisms from friends.
Of Wee Sweetie Mice and Men is the second novel of the Dan Starkey series by Northern Irish author, Colin Bateman, released on 25 April 1996 through HarperCollins. [1] The name of the novel is a reference to the John Steinbeck novella Of Mice and Men .