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Dental erosion and loss of enamel increase the patency of dentinal tubules. The hydrodynamic theory proposes that when dentinal tubules are exposed at the pulp and dentine surface, external stimuli cause changes in fluid flow. [7] Dentinal tubules may become exposed due to various reasons: e.g. dental erosion, enamel loss and periodontal ...
Within each dentinal tubule is a space of variable size containing dentinal fluid, an odontoblastic process, and possibly an afferent axon (see next discussion). The dentinal fluid in the tubule presumably also includes the tissue fluid surrounding the cell membrane of the odontoblast, which is continuous from the cell body in the pulp. [2]
The dental canaliculi (sometimes called dentinal tubules) are the blood supply of a tooth. [4] Odontoblast process run in the canaliculi that transverse the dentin layer and are referred as dentinal tubules. [5] The number and size of the canaliculi decrease as the tubules move away from the pulp and toward the enamel or cementum.
The dentinal tubules extend from the dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) in the crown area, or dentinocemental junction (DCJ) in the root area, to the outer wall of the pulp. [9] From the outer surface of the dentin to the area nearest the pulp, these tubules follow an S-shaped path. The diameter and density of the tubules are greatest near the pulp.
The diameter of the dentinal tubules is largest near the pulp (about 2.5 μm) and smallest (about 900 nm) at the junction of dentin and enamel. [82] The carious process continues through the dentinal tubules, which are responsible for the triangular patterns resulting from the progression of caries deep into the tooth.
The odontoblast process is located in dentinal tubules. It forms during dentinogenesis and results from a part of the odontoblast staying in its location as the main body of the odontoblast moves toward the center of the tooth's pulp .
The primary function of the dental pulp is to form dentin (by the odontoblasts). Other functions include: Nutritive: the pulp keeps the organic components of the surrounding mineralized tissue supplied with moisture and nutrients; Protective/sensory: extremes in temperature, pressure, or trauma to the dentin or pulp are perceived as pain;
Fluid movement inside the dentinal tubules may be away from or towards the pulp. Dentine contains many thousands of microscopic tubular structures that radiate outwards from the pulp; these dentinal tubules are typically 0.5-2 micrometres in diameter. Changes in the flow of the plasma-like biological fluid present in the dentinal tubules can ...