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Manila during the Japanese occupation. The Japanese occupation of the Philippines (Filipino: Pananakop ng mga Hapones sa Pilipinas; Japanese: 日本のフィリピン占領, romanized: Nihon no Firipin Senryō) occurred between 1942 and 1945, when the Japanese Empire occupied the Commonwealth of the Philippines during World War II.
The Americans needed to establish a major harbor base at Manila Bay to support the expected invasion of Japan, planned to begin on 1 November 1945. Resistance on Corregidor ended on 27 February, and then all resistance by the Japanese Empire ceased on 15 August 1945, obviating the need for an invasion of the Japanese Home Islands.
The Philippines was considered to be of great strategic importance because their capture by Japan would pose a significant threat to the U.S. As a result, 135,000 troops and 227 aircraft were stationed in the Philippines by October 1941. However, Luzon—the largest island in the Philippines—was captured by Imperial Japanese forces in 1942.
Prior to World War II, Baguio was the summer capital of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, as well as the home of the Philippine Military Academy. [12] In 1939, the city had a population of 24,000 people, most of whom were Filipinos, along with other nationalities, including about 500 Japanese. [13]
The Battle for the Recapture of Corregidor (Filipino: Labanan para sa Corregidor), which occurred from 16 to 26 February, 1945, pitted American forces against the defending Japanese garrison on the island fortress. The Japanese had captured the bastion from the United States Army Forces in the Far East during their 1942 invasion.
8 February 1945 – La Concordia College massacre, about 2,000 non-combatants were killed from gunfire and debris. [19] 8 to 10 February 1945 – Colegio de Sta. Rosa massacre of non-combatants in Intramuros. [18] 9 February 1945 – St. Paul College in Malate, more than 600 noncombatants were executed, injuring more than 370, and burning of ...
The battle ended the almost three years of Japanese military occupation in the Philippines (1942–1945). The city's capture was marked as General Douglas MacArthur's key to victory in the campaign to liberate the islands. It is, to date, the last battle fought within Manila.
The Battle for Cebu City (Filipino: Labanan sa Lungsod ng Cebu; Cebuano: Gubat sa Dakbayan sa Sugbo; Japanese: セブシティーのための戦い) was a major engagement of World War II that occurred between March 26 and April 8, 1945, during the second Philippines Campaign.