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Ginkgo biloba leaves and sarcotesta contain ginkgolic acids [83] – which are highly allergenic – long-chain alkylphenols, such as bilobol or adipostatin A [84] (bilobol is a substance related to anacardic acid from cashew nut shells and urushiols present in poison ivy and other Toxicodendron spp.) [9] [80] Individuals with a history of ...
Ginkgolide B, specifically, is a diterpenoid trilactone with six five-membered rings. It contains a spiro[4,4]-nonane carbocyclic ring, a tetrahydrofuran ring, and a very specific tert-butyl group at one of the rings (Figure 1).
The ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) is a living fossil, with fossils similar to the modern plant dating back to the Permian, 270 million years ago.The closest living relatives of the clade are the cycads, [4] which share with the extant G. biloba the characteristic of motile sperm.
Ginkgoales are a gymnosperm order containing only one extant species: Ginkgo biloba, the ginkgo tree. [1] The order has a long fossil record extending back to the Early Permian around 300 million years ago from fossils found worldwide. The order was a common component of Permian and Triassic flora before the super dominance of conifers.
Ginkgoidae is a subclass of Equisetopsida in the sense used by Mark W. Chase and James L. Reveal in their 2009 article "A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III."
An organism's natural tolerance of heat is their basal thermotolerance. [1] Meanwhile, acquired thermotolerance is defined as an enhanced level of thermotolerance after exposure to a heat stress. [ 2 ]
Ginkgo, from Chinese and Japanese plant names [33] [34] 1 genus, [35] in eastern China [36] Deciduous unisexual trees with fan-like leaves. Trees nearly identical to the modern Ginkgo are frequently found in the fossil record from the Mesozoic Era. [7] Ginkgoales
Ginkgo biloba: Ginkgo: The leaf extract has been used to treat asthma, bronchitis, fatigue, Alzheimer's and tinnitus. [81] Glechoma hederacea: Ground-ivy It has been used as a "lung herb". [82] Other traditional uses include as an expectorant, astringent, and to treat bronchitis. [83]