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The dentate gyrus is part of the trisynaptic circuit, a neural circuit of the hippocampus, thought to contribute to the formation of new episodic memories, [3] [4] the spontaneous exploration of novel environments [4] and other functions. [5] The dentate gyrus has toothlike projections from which it is named. [6] The subgranular zone of the ...
The hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and other subfields make up the hippocampal formation. The dentate gyrus contains the fascia dentata and the hilus. The CA is differentiated into subfields CA1, CA2, CA3, and CA4. CA4 is often not referred to since it has been shown to be the deep, polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus. [37] [38] [39]
The CA3 is a portion of the hippocampal formation adjacent to the dentate gyrus. Input is received from the granule cells of the dentate gyrus through the mossy fibres. The CA3 is rich in pyramidal neurons (like those found throughout the neocortex), which project mainly to the CA1 pyramidal neurons via the Schaffer collateral pathway.
The region is conventionally divided into three divisions. CA3a is the part of the cell band that is most distant from the dentate (and closest to CA1). CA3b is the middle part of the band nearest to the fimbria and fornix connection. CA3c is nearest to the dentate, inserting into the hilus.
The hippocampal formation is a compound structure in the medial temporal lobe of the brain. It forms a c-shaped bulge on the floor of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle. [1] Typically, the hippocampal formation is said to included the dentate gyrus, the hippocampus, and the subiculum. [2]
One edge of the "U," – (CA4) the hilus of the dentate gyrus, is embedded into the backward-facing, flexed dentate gyrus. In humans the hippocampus is described as having an anterior and posterior part; in other primates they are termed rostral and caudal, and in rodent literature they are the ventral and dorsal part. [23]
The hippocampus is a structure in the brain that has been associated with various memory functions. It is part of the limbic system, and lies next to the medial temporal lobe. It is made up of two structures, the Ammon's Horn, and the Dentate gyrus, each containing different types of cells. [1]
It receives feedback connections from mossy cells in the hilus at distant levels in the septal and temporal directions. The fascia dentata and the hilus together make up the dentate gyrus. As with all regions of the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus also receives GABAergic and cholinergic input from the medial septum and the diagonal band of Broca.