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Δ-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC, [a] Δ 8-THC) is a psychoactive cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. [1] It is an isomer of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC, Δ 9-THC), the compound commonly known as THC, with which it co-occurs in hemp; natural quantities of ∆ 8-THC found in hemp are low.
Similar enzymes to THCA synthase catalyze the formation of other cannabinoids. For example, cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) synthase is a flavoprotein that catalyzes a similar oxidative cyclization of CPGA into CBDA, the dominant cannabinoid constituent of fiber-type C. sativa. CBDA undergoes a similar decarboxylation to form cannabidiol. [12]
The mixture of cannabinoids produced by a plant is known as the plant's cannabinoid profile. Selective breeding has been used to control the genetics of plants and modify the cannabinoid profile. For example, strains that are used as fiber (commonly called hemp ) are bred such that they are low in psychoactive chemicals like THC.
It is the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis and one of at least 113 total cannabinoids identified on the plant. Although the chemical formula for THC (C 21 H 30 O 2 ) describes multiple isomers , [ 10 ] the term THC usually refers to the delta-9-THC isomer with chemical name (−)- trans -Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol .
Cannabinoids (/ k ə ˈ n æ b ə n ɔɪ d z ˌ ˈ k æ n ə b ə n ɔɪ d z /) are compounds found in the cannabis plant or synthetic compounds that can interact with the endocannabinoid system. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (Delta-9-THC), the primary intoxicating compound in cannabis .
Dronabinol is the principal psychoactive constituent enantiomer form, (−)-trans-Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, found in Cannabis sativa L. plants, [8] but can also be synthesized in laboratory. Dronabinol does not include any other tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) isomers or any cannabidiol .
In a 2023 study, anecdotal claims surrounding THC-O-acetate's supposed ability to initiate psychedelic experiences were shown to not be significant. Answers using the Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ) were under the threshold of a true experience, and those who had used classical psychedelics such as LSD or psilocybin consistently scored lower on the MEQ.
When the production of psychoactive cannabinoids is sought, female plants are grown separately from male plants to induce parthenocarpy in the female plant's fruits (popularly called "sin semilla" which is Spanish for "without seed" ) and increase the production of cannabinoid-rich resin. [18] In soil, the optimum pH for the plant is 6.3 to 6.8.