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The International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET) is a world-wide consortium of institutes operating ground-based magnetometers recording the absolute level of the Earth's time-varying magnetic field, [2] [3] [4] to an agreed set of standards. INTERMAGNET has its roots in discussions held at the Workshop on Magnetic ...
The International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network, with over 100 interlinked geomagnetic observatories around the world, has been recording the Earth's magnetic field since 1991. The military determines local geomagnetic field characteristics, in order to detect anomalies in the natural background that might be caused by a significant ...
Birkeland current – Currents flowing along geomagnetic field lines; Electrical resistivity tomography – A geophysical technique for imaging sub-surface structures; Geomagnetically induced current – Ground level manifestation of space weather; Geomagnetic jerk – Sudden change in the Earth's magnetic field
The official planetary K p-index is derived by calculating a weighted average of K-indices from a network of 13 geomagnetic observatories at mid-latitude locations.Since these observatories do not report their data in real-time, various operations centers around the globe estimate the index based on data available from their local network of observatories.
There is a highly speculative theory that connects this reversal event to the large Australasian strewnfield (c. 790,000 years ago), [12] although the causes of the two are almost certainly unconnected and only coincidentally happened around the same time.
A geomagnetic storm is defined [5] by changes in the Dst [6] (disturbance – storm time) index. The Dst index estimates the globally averaged change of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field at the magnetic equator based on measurements from a few magnetometer stations. Dst is computed once per hour and reported in near-real ...
A time-varying magnetic field external to the Earth induces telluric currents—electric currents in the conducting ground. These currents create a secondary (internal) magnetic field. As a consequence of Faraday's law of induction, an electric field at the surface of the Earth is induced associated with time variations of the magnetic field ...
The International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) is a standard mathematical description of the large-scale structure of the Earth's main magnetic field and its secular variation. It was created by fitting parameters of a mathematical model of the magnetic field to measured magnetic field data from surveys, observatories and satellites ...