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Malnutrition can lead to an onslaught of additional health complications, [8] and eventually even death. [9] In fact, UNICEF found that 11.4% of deaths of South African children under five can be attributed to low weight, making low birth weight the second most prominent cause of children's death in South Africa. [10]
The prevalence of malnutrition and related health conditions among children in Africa leads to a plethora of diseases that impact the child and their development. Given that vitamin A is critical for proper functioning of the visual system and for maintaining immune defences, its deficiency remains a public health issue.
Kwashiorkor is a type of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). SAM is a category, composed of two conditions: marasmus and kwashiorkor. [9] Both kwashiorkor and marasmus fall under the umbrella of protein–energy malnutrition (PEM). [10]
Another factor that contributes to malnutrition is conflict. [33] Conflict can lead to uncertainty in resources, which puts them at a higher risk of malnutrition. [33] In addition, the areas in Africa with the highest rates of malnutrition also experience poverty which impact and limit the supply of food and necessary services. [33]
The climate crisis, which has seen extreme heat and unpredictable rainfall patterns hobble agriculture in Africa's troubled Sahel region, will worsen the problem, with several million children expected to experience growth problems due to malnutrition between now and 2050, according to the Gates Foundation report released Tuesday.
Malnutrition in Nigeria, directly or indirectly, is the cause of 45 percent of all death of under-five children. [1] Malnutrition is the cause of stunted growth in over 28 million children in sub-Saharan Africa . [ 2 ]
Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency. It can occur in anyone with severe malnutrition but usually occurs in children. Body weight is reduced to less than 62% of the normal (expected) body weight for the age. [1] Marasmus occurrence increases before age 1, whereas kwashiorkor occurrence increases after 18 ...
Globally, 162 million children show symptoms of malnutrition such as stunting, which is an indicator of malnourishment. [7] The WHO reported that two out of five children that are stunted live in Southern Asia, however Africa is the only region where there is an increasing number of stunted children. [8]