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Bifascicular block is characterized by right bundle branch block with left anterior fascicular block, or right bundle branch block with left posterior fascicular block on electrocardiography. Complete heart block could be the cause of syncope that is otherwise unexplained if bifascicular block is seen on electrocardiography . [ 1 ]
An intraventricular block is a heart conduction disorder — heart block of the ventricles of the heart. [1] An example is a right bundle branch block, right fascicular block, bifascicular block, trifascicular block. [2] [3]
This is a combination of right bundle branch block with either left anterior fascicular block or left posterior fascicular block together with a first degree AV block. Tachycardia-dependent bundle branch block; A simple way to quickly differentiate between the two types is to note the deflection of the QRS complex in the V1 lead.
Left anterior fascicular block (LAFB) is an abnormal condition of the left ventricle of the heart, [1] [2] related to, but distinguished from, left bundle branch block (LBBB). It is caused by only the left anterior fascicle – one half of the left bundle branch being defective. It is manifested on the ECG by left axis deviation.
The criteria to diagnose a right bundle branch block on the electrocardiogram: The heart rhythm must originate above the ventricles (i.e., sinoatrial node, atria or atrioventricular node) to activate the conduction system at the correct point. The QRS duration must be more than 100 ms (incomplete block) or more than 120 ms (complete block). [9]
The hexaxial reference system is a diagram that is used to determine the heart's electrical axis in the frontal plane.. In electrocardiography, left axis deviation (LAD) is a condition wherein the mean electrical axis of ventricular contraction of the heart lies in a frontal plane direction between −30° and −90°.
Certain diseases such as neuroendocrine tumor of the small intestine (also known by the obsolete term carcinoid), which sometimes release large amounts of 5-hydroxytryptamine, commonly known as 5-HT or serotonin into the blood, may produce a characteristic pattern of mostly right-sided cardiac fibrosis which can be identified with echocardiography.
Although TTS has generally been considered a self-limiting disease, spontaneously resolving over the course of days to weeks, contemporary observations show that "a subset of TTS patients may present with symptoms arising from its complications, e.g. heart failure, pulmonary edema, stroke, cardiogenic shock, or cardiac arrest".