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In solar physics and observation, an active region is a temporary feature in the Sun's atmosphere characterized by a strong and complex magnetic field. They are often associated with sunspots and are commonly the source of violent eruptions such as coronal mass ejections and solar flares . [ 1 ]
At the start of a solar cycle, active regions tend to appear around 30° to 45° latitude on the Sun's surface. As the cycle progresses, they appear at lower and lower latitudes, until they average 15° at solar maximum. The average latitude then continues to drift lower, down to about 7° and then while the old sunspot cycle fades, active ...
The more magnetically active the Sun is, the more sunspot active regions there are on the Sun at any one time. Sunspot active regions are the source of increased coronal heating and accompanying increases in EUV and X-ray irradiance, particularly during episodic magnetic eruptions that include solar flares that increase ionization on the sunlit ...
It is most visible in high-latitude regions like Antarctica and southern Australia. ... in the last couple of years, it has become a more common sight due to the sun being active and stormy ...
This also included the invention of sea interferometry, which was used to associate radio activity with sunspots. [9] Routine imaging of the radio Sun began in 1967 with the commissioning of the Culgoora Radioheliograph, which operated until 1986. [10] A radioheliograph is simply an interferometer that is dedicated to observing the Sun.
The umbra is the darkest region of a sunspot and is where the magnetic field is strongest and approximately vertical, or normal, to the Sun's surface, or photosphere. The umbra may be surrounded completely or only partially by a brighter region known as the penumbra. [23]
Bipolar active regions that violate Hale's law are known as anti-Hale regions. Estimates of the percentage of bipolar active regions that violate Hale's law have ranged from 2 to 9%. [5] [6] Small, weak, ephemeral active regions violate Hale's law more frequently than average with a relative number around 40%. In contrast, only 4% of medium to ...
The following is a list of marine ecoregions, as defined by the WWF and The Nature Conservancy. The WWF/Nature Conservancy scheme groups the individual ecoregions into 12 marine realms, which represent the broad latitudinal divisions of polar, temperate, and tropical seas, with subdivisions based on ocean basins.