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Freedom is often associated with liberty and autonomy in the sense of "giving oneself one's own laws". [1] In one definition, something is "free" if it can change and is not constrained in its present state. Physicists and chemists use the word in this sense. [2] In its origin, the English word "freedom" relates etymologically to the word ...
Ama-gi is a Sumerian word written πΌπ ama-gi 4 or πΌπ π ama-ar-gi 4. Sumerians used it to refer to release from obligations, debt, slavery, taxation, or punishment. Ama-gi has been regarded as the first known written reference to the concept of freedom, and has been used in modern times as a symbol for libertarianism.
John Stuart Mill. Philosophers from the earliest times have considered the question of liberty. Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (121–180 AD) wrote: . a polity in which there is the same law for all, a polity administered with regard to equal rights and equal freedom of speech, and the idea of a kingly government which respects most of all the freedom of the governed.
The cap was an attribute carried by Libertas, the Roman goddess of freedom, who was also recognized by the rod (vindicta or festuca), [10] used ceremonially in the act of manumissio vindicta, Latin for "freedom by the rod" (emphasis added): The master brought his slave before the magistratus, and stated the grounds of the intended manumission
The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making laws respecting an establishment of religion; prohibiting the free exercise of religion; or abridging the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the freedom of assembly, or the right to petition the government for redress of grievances.
The word friþgeard, meaning "asylum, sanctuary" was used for sacrosanct areas. A friþgeard would then be any enclosed area given over to the worship of the gods. Seating oneself on a frith-stool was sometimes a requirement for claiming sanctuary in certain English churches.
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) considers libre to be obsolete, [2] but the word has come back into limited [a] use. Unlike gratis, libre appears in few English dictionaries, [a] although there is no other English single-word adjective signifying "liberty" exclusively, without also meaning "at no monetary cost".
Free will enters as follows: Free will is an "appetitive power", that is, not a cognitive power of intellect (the term "appetite" from Aquinas's definition "includes all forms of internal inclination"). [156] He states that judgment "concludes and terminates counsel.